Armando Bublik (1921-2001) — Médico y escritor judío-argentino/Argentine Jewish Physician and Writer — “La yerra”/ “The Branding”– un cuento post-Holocausto con un fin sorprendente/a post-Holocaust short-story with a surprising end

Armando Bublik

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Armando Bublik fue oftalmólogo, escritor, ensayista y periodista radial. Autor de varias novelas, en 1993 ganó la Faja de Honor de la SADE por su novela Poncho y Talmud.

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Armando Bublik was an opthamologist, writer, essayist and radio journalist. Author of various, he won the Sash of Honor of the SADE for his novel Poncho y Talmud.

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”La yerra”

“La civilización no suprime

la barbarie, la perfeccionaba”.

                              VOLTAIRE

  Dormitaba como lagarto al sol, cuando me espabiló una mezcla de rezongos y silbidos; era un viejo Ford que venía desde la tranquera, avanzando entre los árboles.

  “Alejo” Ferreya se dirigió a mí, mientras bajaba del coche.

         –¿Tan temprano, doctor?—me preguntó sonriendo.

  –Anoche tuve otro ataque de gota y se me la pasé en vela; preferí venir con la fresca –le respondí con una voz quebrada por cortos bostezos.

         Tras él. Bajaron también los Kahn; era la primera vez que los veía lejos del pueblo; nuestros encuentros fueron siempre con el mostrador de por medio o en las visita periódicas al consultorio o en alguna que otra urgencia. Venían caminando despacio y los pude observar bien. Sara Kahn era una mujer elegante, rubia, alta, con el cabello recogido detrás de la nuca; su esposo era también alto, corpulento, de labios gruesos y bigote espeso; la nariz y la cara tenían unas manchas rojo-oscuras que delatan su antigua y sostenida relación con el alcohol.

         Les invité a pasar y a conocer cómo era por dentro el casco de La Alborada, y les conté la historia tantas veces contada: “La estancia la construyó Braulio Ortiz, aquí puso toda su pasión de hombre aferrado a la tierra. La Alborada es mi vida, solía decir, y cuando se enteró por mi boca, que la vida se le iba entre las manos, decidió vendérmela.  –Póngala precio, doctor, usted es mejor amigo y sabrá conservarla”.

         Les mostré las galerías que deban al Sur, con los techos abovedados de ladrillo macizo, las salas de estar, los hogares de mármol blanco y hierro forjado, el comedor inglés, los sillones, los baños franceses.

         Los tacos de la señora Kahn retumbaban en el silencio de los salones; los dos estaban alegres, comunicativos; no parecía la misma pareja que recalcó en el pueblo un año atrás. Imaginé entonces a María, espiándolos de la cocina, como siempre a la hora de los trenes.

         “Deben ser visitas para La Alborada, Goya, fíjate qué bien vestidos están”.

         Y el viejo jefe, dejar de hojeara :”El Gráfico’ y mirarla por encima de sus anteojos emparchados. “No, seguro que son gringos que compraron la tienda de Don Ramón”.

Recordé que hacia calor ese mediodía de

marzo, y la gente se amontonaba en las puertas para verlos pasar. La llegada de los Kahn era un motivo de distracción en los días iguales a las semanas, a los meses y a los años, que se habían detenido en Santa Eduviges, porque eso era Santa Eduviges, un lugar detenido en el espacio y en el tiempo.

     Yo también los miré desde mi ventana y me pareció verme a mí mismo, veinte años atrás, cuando llegué al pueblo, con el diploma fresco y las ilusiones más frescos aún, dispuesto a llevarme el mundo por delante.      

         Santa Eduviges era un poco menos de lo que es ahora: un puntito en el mapa, veinte leguas al Oeste de Río Cuarto. Un puesto de avanzada para mantener a raya a lo Ranqueles y que quedó para siempre después de la Conquista.

         Los veía caminar y me imaginé que ellos también, como yo entonces, pensaban en un corto tiempo para hacerse una posición, dinero y escapar cuanto antes de ese pueblo de mala muerte.

         Los Kahn habían comprado la mercería de Don Ramón, un gallego solterón y huraño, más viejo que el mismo pueble, que vendió apurado por irse a morir a su terruño.

         Tomaron como doméstica a Dominga Brites, viuda de un resero borrachín que murió en su ley; los ataques de reuma de Domina la arrastraban seguido a mi consultorio.

         “¿Sabe, doctor, qué rara es esa gente? Todos los viernes, cuando anochece, la señora prende siete velas de una cosa asía de grande, todo de fierro plateado, se pone un pañuelo en la cabeza y estira las manos como tocando el fuego. ¡Pa’ mí que hace brujerías, qué quiere que le diga! ¿Y la música? ¿Usted nunca los escuchó? Ella se sienta al piano y él toca el violín parado. . . Y así están, dale que dale, horas y horas, tocando, sin mirarse ni hablarse, mire usté, ¿sabe loque’es ni una sola palabra? ¡Y qué música triste, vea, parece de velorio! La señora se para delante de una foto que está sobre el aparado y se pone meta yorar y yorar que parte el ama, le juro, hasta que viene don Alberto y se la lleva al negocio”.

         Pude conocer la casa cuando el cólico renal de don Alberto. La foto que tanta me intriga estaba apoyada contra dos botellones de cristal tallado: eran ellos dos, más jóvenes, se veían felices, sentados sobre el césped, rodeando un mantel de a cuadros. Ella tiene un chico pelirrojo sobre su falda; al costado había un río, y al fondo del río, un castillo de torres agudas en la punta de un peñasco: “HEIDELBERG 1937.”

         Los domingos salían temprano en bicicleta, con una canasta para el almuerzo; pasaban frente a la iglesia y se perdían por el camino.

         “No sé por qué nunca vienen a misa”, me comentó un día Berosa, el panadero, mientras le sacaba el yeso. “Me enteré también que estuvieron presos en Alemania y a gatas se salvaron”. “Salinas anda diciendo por ahí”, Silvana lo deslizó con el primer mate de aquella mañana, “que si estuvieran presos por nada buenos será. Pa’mí que les tiene rabia porque nunca le compran un billete”.

         Fue Alejando Ferreyra quien penetró en el misterio de los Kahn. Desde hace dos años era director de la Escuela Nacional. Lo habían trasladado a Santa Eduviges porque en el Consejo había gente a la que no le gustaban sus ideas políticas ni algunos artículos suyos publicado en diarios de avanzada. No obstante ser Licenciado en Letras, tenía que ganarse la vida como maestro. Era un hombre demasiado grande para ese pueblo. Se convirtió en poco tiempo en el único amigo de los Kahn. Lo invitaron a cenar, a charla, a escuchar música

         “Si usted viera, doctor, qué gente maravillosa, qué cultura, que fibra ponen en todo lo que hacen, desde un ‘strudel’ hasta una Sonata de Brahms”.

         “Qué lastima que no se acerquen a nosotros”,–comenté una vez–. “Alejo” me miró con aire tristón. “Es que tienen miedo, usted sabe. . .. Nos quedamos en silencio.

         Y ahora estaban en mi estancia. “El maestro ciruela”, como yo le decía con efecto, los habían convencido para que vinieran a conocer cómo era un asado con yerra y doma.

         Un rato después vino la avalancha de gente; se mezclaban los ruidos: sulkies, volantas, relinchos, autos, bocinas, gritos. Los círculos de mirones alrededor de los asadores, los consejos de siempre,

         “Che, Moncho, no se irá a arrebatar, ¿no? Mirá que está muy cerca del suelo”.

         Sobre el mediodía le hice una señal a Quiroga, el capataz, para que tocase la campana. Las mesas estaban dispuestas bajo los tupidos paraísos y frente a ellos, al sol, una hilera de rastras de arado, cubiertas de carne y acurras. Las gotas de grasa chirriaban al caer sobre las brazas; además había un par de chivitos estaqueados a los costados.

         Me senté junto a ellos, junto a ellos en la primera fila; ayudé a Sara Kahn a sacarse su chaleco rojo y lo colgué sobre el respaldo de su asiento. Usaba una blusa de mangas largas, y, a pesar del calor, no se las arremangó.

         –¿Usted no come achurras, Herr Dóktor?

         –Comí demasiadas en mi vida, por eso, la gota. .

         A las tres de la tarde presenté los jinetes y llevé a todos los invitados a conocer la caballada: después pedí a todo el mundo que volviese a sus asientos. El espectáculo iba a empezar.

         De entrada trajeron una novillito pampa para mostrar cómo hacíamos la yerra (la marcada se hacía más lejos, en los corrales chicos).

         Entonces apareció el chino Anacleta Sosa. Su cara untuosa, redonda, contenía uno ojos chiquitos; la nariz chata y los bigotes ralos le caían a los costados de la boca. Los peones manearon y tumbaron con rapidez al animal.

         El chino sacó de las brasas de hierro-marca, dio media vuelta y lo descargó con fuerza sobre el lomo de la bestia.

         Entonces se levantaron, de golpe, juntos; el humo, el olor a cuero quemados y los dos alaridos, confundidos:

         –¡NAIN!  ¡NO, NO, NAIN, NO! Y Sara Kahn corriendo hacia el chino, los pómulos encendidos, las venas del cuello como gruesos cordones azules. Y las uñas rojas, anclados en las manos de chino!

         –Suéltame, doña, la voy a golpiar sin querer, por favor, suélteme!

         Y Sara Kahn, agotada, vencida, cayendo con los brazos extendidos, los ojos sin brillo, los labios apretados y el chino, aturdido, queriendo ayudarla. . . y al detenerse. . . su palidez y su mirada fija en eso negro. . .brillando al sol, marcado a fuego sobre la muñeca descubierta de Sara Kahn:       

“A. 247351. . .”.

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“The Branding”

“Civilization doesn’t suppress

barbarism, it perfects it.”

                VOLTAIRE

I was sleeping like a lizard in the sun, when a mixture of moans and whistles; it was an old Ford that came from the cattle gate, advancing between the trees.

  “Alejo” Ferreya turned toward mi, while he got down from the car:

         “So early, doctor?” he asked me, smiling.

         “Last night I had another attack of gout and I spent the night unable to sleep; I preferred to come out in the cool air,” I responded to him with a voice broken with short yawns.

         After him. The Kahns, too; it was the first time that I saw them outside of the town; our meetings were simply with the shop counter between us an in the periodic visits to my medical office or something urgent. They came walking slowly and  I could observe then well. Sara Kahn was an elegant, woman, tall, with her hair tied back at the nape of her neck; her husband was tall too, corpulent, with a thick mustache; his nose and face had some dark-red stains that betray his long and sustain relation con alcohol.

          I invited them to come in and get to know how it was inside of the outside shell of The Alborada, and I told them the story so many times told before: “The estancia was constructed by Braulio Ortiz, here he put all his passion as a man tied to the land. ‘La Alborada is my life’, he used to say, and when he learned from my mouth , that he would die soon, he decided to sell it to me. “Offer a price, doctor, you are my best friend and you will know how to conserve it.

         I showed them the galleries that faced the south, with the vaulted rooves of solid bricks, the sitting rooms, the hearths of white marble and wrought iron, the English dining room, the armchairs, the French baths.

         Mrs. Kahn’s heels rumbled on the silence of the rooms: the two of them happy, communicative; they didn’t appear like the same couple who stood out in town, a year ago. Then I imagined Maria, spying on them, always at the hour that the trains go by.

         “They must be visitors to La Alborada, Goya, look how well dressed they are.”

         And the old boss man, stopping leafing through El Gráfico and looking at her from above his patched-up eyeglasses. “No, for sure they are gringos who bought Don Ramón’s store.”

         I remembered that it was hot that midday in March, and the people piled up in the doorways to see them pass by. The arrival of the Kahns was a moment of distraction in the unchanging days of the weeks, months and years that had stopped in Santa Eduviges, because this was Santa Ediviges, a place stopped in time and in place.

         I, too, looked at them from my window, and it seemed to me that I was seeing myself, twenty years ago, when I arrived in the town, with a fresh diploma and illusions, even more fresh, ready to win the world in front of me.

       Santa Eduviges was little just a little less than it is now: a little dot on the map, twenty leagues east if Río Cuarto. An advance post for the maintenance of the road to the Ranqueles native lands and which remained forever after the Conquest.

  They saw them walk and I imagined that they too, like me then, were thinking of a short time in which to make a start, money and escape as soon as possible this god-awful town.

         The Kahn had bought the haberdashery from Don Ramón, an old and shy Galician bachelor, older than the town itself, who sold it quickly to go and die in his native land.

         They took on as a domestic Dominga Brites, the widow of a drunken cowboy who died from his ways, attacks of rheumatism that often brought Domina to my office.

         “Do you know, doctor, how strange these people are? Every Friday, when night falls, the lady lights seven candles on a thing this big, all silverplate, she puts a handkerchief on her head and stretches out her hands as if to touch the fire. For me , he is doing witchcraft, what can I say! And the music? You’ve never heard them? She sits at the piano, on and on, hours and hours, playing, without looking or speaking, you see, do you what it is like, not a single word? And what sad music, it seems, y’know, like a wake! The señora stops in front of a photo that is above the sideboard and she starts to cry and cry that breaks your heart, I swear, until Don Alberto comes in and takes her to the store.”

         I was able to get to know the house because of Don Alberto’s renal cholic. The photo the intrigued me way leaning against two large bottles of cut crystal; there were the two of them, younger, they looked happy, sitting on the grass, surrounded by a checkered spread. She has a red-haired boy on her skirt, at the side there was a river and at the bottom of the river, a castle of sharp towers set at the end of a line of boulders: “HEIDELBERG 1937.”

         On Sundays, they left early on bicycles, with a basket filled with lunch; they passed in front of the church, and they could no longer be be seen on the road.

         “I don’t know why they never come to mass,” Berosa, the baker, commented to me one day, while I took off his cast. “I also found out that they were imprisoned in Germany, and barely saved themselves.” Salinas goes around saying it,” Silvina let it slip with the first mate of that morning,” that if they were arrested, for me it probably wasn’t for anything food. been for anything good. In my opinion, he’s angry at them because they never buy a lottery ticket from him.

         It was Alejandro Ferreyra que penetrated the mystery of the Kahns. For many years, he was the director of the National School. They had transferred him to Santa Eduviges because in the Council there were people who didn’t like his political ideas nor some of his articles published in “advanced” newspapers. Despite his Bachelor in Letters, he had to earn a living as a teacher. I was a too great a man for this town. In little time, he became the only friend of the Kahns. They invited him for su[[er, to chat, to listen to music.

         “If you saw, doctor, what marvelous people they are, what culture, what energy they put into everything they do, from a ‘strudel’ to a Brahms Sonata.”

         “What a shame that they don’t approach us”, I once commented. “Alejo” looked in a very sad way. “It’s that they are afraid, you know. . .We stayed silently.

         And now they are on my estancia. “The Plum Teacher,” as I affectionately called him, had convinced them to come to get to know what a branding and a horse-breaking were like.

         A while later came an avalanche of people; the noises mixed: sulkies, steering wheels, neighing, autos, car horns, shouts. The circles of observers around the chefs, the usual advice.

         “Che, Moncho, isn’t it going to slip away? ¿No? Look how close it is to the ground.”

         About midday, I gave the signal to Quiroga, the foreman, to ring the bell. The tables were spread under the bushy paradise plants, and in front of them, in the sun; a line of strings of grates, covered with meat and offal. The drops of grease squeaked, falling on the hot coals; moreover, there were a pair of goats staked out on their sides, cooking.

I sat close to them, near those in the first row. I helped Sara Kahn remove her red vest, and I hung it onto the back of her seat, she wore a long-sleeve  blouse, and, in spite of the heat, she didn’t roll them up.

         “You don’t eat achurras, Herr Dóktor?”

         “I ate too many in my life, for that, the gout. . .

         At three in the afternoon, I presented the riders and brought all the invitees over to examine the horses: then I asked everyone to return to their seats. The spectacle was going to begin.

         To start, they brought in a calf PAMPA to show how we used to do the branding (the marking was actually done far away in the small corrals.)

         Then “The Chinese” Anacleta Sosa appeared. His oily.greasy, round face contained small eyes; the broad nose and the thin mustache that fell onto the sides of his mouth. The peons rapidly hobbled the beast and pushed it over.          

         “The Chinese” took the iron-marker from the hot coals, turned around and stamped forcefully on the back of the beast.

  Then, they came up, suddenly, together: the smoke, the smell of burnt leather and of the two cries, confused.

         “¡NEIN! ¡NO, NO, NEIN, NO! And Sara Kahn, running toward the man, her cheekbones burning, the veins of her neck like two large blue cords. And her red nails, anchored in the hands of the ranchhand!

         “Let me go, doña, I’m going to hurt you without wanting to, please, let go of me!

         And Sara Kahn, exhausted, defeated, falling with her arms extended, her eyes without shine, here lips held together and the “Chinese,” confused, wanting to help her. . .and upon stopping. . .he pallidness and he gaze fixed on that black. . .shining in the sun, marked by fire on the uncovered wrist of Sara Kahn.

         “A. 247351. . .”

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De:/From: Armando Bublik. Según pasan los años. Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires: Editorial Galerna. 982, pp. 105-112.

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Libros de Armando Bublik/Armando Bublik’s Books

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Adina Darvasi-Iaker (1927-2014) Novelista e historiador argentina-rumana-chilena-israelí /Romanian Chilean Argentine Israelí Novelist and Historian– “El viaje”/”The Voyage” –fragmentos de la novela increíble sobre una huída de la Shoá/excerpts from an incredible novel about an escape from the Holocaust

Adina Darvasi-Iacker

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Adina Darvasi nació en Buenos Aires en 1927. A los dos años de edad la familia se trasladó a Santiago de Chile. Los primeros años de la escuela primaria los cursó en el colegio Manuel de Salas.A raíz del divorcio de sus padres, en 1937 viajó con su padre a Hotín, (entonces Rumania) poco antes del comienzo de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Durante la guerra fue deportada junto con su padre y el resto de los habitantes judíos de Hotín, al gueto Moguilev, Transnistria-Ucrania, donde padeció horribles persecuciones raciales, por parte de soldados alemanes y rumanos. Adina permaneció en el gueto dos años y medio. Debido a intensas gestiones realizadas por su madre, quien residía en Santiago, un diplomático argentino logró rescatar a la niña del gueto, gracias a su nacionalidad argentina. Enseguida fue aceptada a un colegio de monjas francesas, Notre Dame de Zión en Bucarest, en cuyo internado permaneció hasta mediados del año 1944 – cuando partió a Palestina (bajo mandato británico) En Jerusalén ingresó al liceo ‘Haguimnasia Haivrit’ en el cual terminó sus estudios secundarios. En 1947 volvió a Santiago, reuniéndose con su madre. Realizó sus estudios universitarios en la Facultad de Arquitectura de la Universidad de Chile, recibiéndose de arquitecta en el año 1962. En 1972 se radicó en Israel, con su esposo y tres hijos, lugar de su residencia permanente. Junto con ejercer su profesión, Adina ha dedicó varios años al estudio de literatura iberoamericana en la Universidad Hebrea de Jerusalén.

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Adina Darvasi was born in Buenos Aires in 1927. When she was two, the family moved to Santiago de Chile. Following the divorce of his parents, in 1937 she traveled with her father to Hotín, (then Romania) shortly before the start of the Second World War. During the war she was deported along with her father and the rest of the Jewish inhabitants of Hotín, to the Moguilev ghetto, Transnistria-Ukraine, where she suffered horrible racial persecution by German and Romanian soldiers. Adina remained in the ghetto for two and a half years. Due to intense efforts by her mother, who lived in Santiago, an Argentine diplomat managed to rescue the girl from the ghetto, thanks to her Argentine nationality. She was immediately accepted to a French nuns’ school, Notre Dame de Zión in Bucharest, in whose boarding school she remained until mid-1944 – when she left for Palestine (under British mandate). In Jerusalem, she studied at ‘Haguimnasia Haivrit’ where she completed her high school studies. In 1947 she returned to Santiago, meeting with her mother. She completed her university studies at the Faculty of Architecture of the University of Chile, graduating as an architect in 1962. In 1972, she settled in Israel, with her husband and three children, the place of her permanent residence. Along with practicing her profession, Adina devoted several years to the study of Ibero-American literature at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. She died in 2014.

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“El viaje”

Primera parte:

Embarque, agosto 1937

¿Cómo así de repente, un viaje en barco? –se admiró Dana mientras probaba el vestido de seda celeste con aplicaciones blancas. Papá aceptaba comprarle lo que quería, pedir no más. ¡Qué buenos! Probar y probar. Porque de la casa partieron con un bolso de mano, sin más equipaje.

        –Le queda linda—sonrió la vendedora—es el color de sus ojos. ¿Un abriguito tal vez? Azul con botones dorados.

       –Sí, claro, las tardes son frescas y estaremos un mes en el mar [. . .]

       El barco inglés le parecía enorme, con sus múltiples cubiertas a distintos niveles; todo flamante, por la pintura flamante. Oropresa, qué nombre raro. Dana imaginó lingotes y más lingotes de oro en sus profundas bodegas, alineadas e fila como los soldaditos de plomo del hermano de Chepa.

       –Papá, déjame a mí en la cama de arriba, así, estaré justo frente a la ventana redonda mirando al mar. Mira, mira como los pájaros están rodando al barco. ¿Nos acompañarán todo el viaje?

         –Todavía no sabe. [. . .]

         Golda no tenía hijos; hace pocos meses Fani había muerto. Todo en la enorme casa-quinta de Hotin emanaba olor a mortajas; se podía decir, sin errar, que la muerte vivía en cada rincón, mueble y adorno. Se la mencionaba sin cesar, en las comidas, al levantarse; de noche, se escuchaban gritos de angustia: Fani, Fani.

         Dana veía las fotografías de Fani dispersas por todos los cuartos, enmarcada y colgadas en los muros; sueltas, de diversos tamaños, sobre los muebles. La mirada penetrante de ultratumba la perseguía; trataba de cruzar las manos como la muerta, de sonreír con la comisura de los labios hacia abajo; no lo lograba; el peinado tampoco podía copiarlo. [. . .]

         Fani, brillante, buena y hermosa, era inigualable e inalcanzable. Dana lo odiaba, un odio estéril; lo peor que se le puede es desear a un enemigo–la muerte—no venía al caso. . . por el contrario, sólo si resucitara, llegaría la salvación; pero Dana sabía que, aparte de Jesucristo, nadie había resucitado. Nunca, aun tratando mucho, podrá, ni siquiera remotamente, parecerse a la difunta. [. . ]

         Por Golda quien propuso a Hanán venir de América a vivir con ellos, el tío opinó distinto: ¿Para qué liquidar todo? Que se divorcie allá y rehaga su vida en sin volver a Hotín. El tío no estaba demasiado dolorido, le molestaba el timbre de una voz infantil, el correr; no quería encariñarse con la policía de nuevo, no podía. [. . .]

¡Vienen los rusos! Ocuparon la zona, Hotín y Chernovitz también: Se repartieron con los alemanes hasta territorios polacos – exclamó el primo Aquiba, al escuchar el último noticiero radial. [. . .]

  La inseguridad comenzó a reinar, las dudas, el susurro, que

no escuchen. . .: ! Hasta las paredes escuchan—[. . . ] ¿Estaremos en la lista negra?

         No, no alcanzarían a deportarlos; en todo caso, no los rusos. [. . .]

Seconda parte

Tempesdad, June, 1941

Hija mía, me espantan las noticias de los diarios: la guerra aproximándose a vuestra zona; tu papá, ¿llevaría al frente? ¡Qué temor! Tú, por lo menos, te quedarás a salvo con los tíos [. . .]

         El ensordecedor ruido de los motores despertaron a Dana; corrió a la ventana: –Me parecía distinguir a los pilotos con sus anteojos y gorros negros–. Escuchó estampidos, descargan las bombas [. . .] La guerra lejana, cosa de diarios y noticiarios radiales, había llegado, se escuchaba y se palpaba.[. . .]

         Llegado el día señalado, acorralaron a los judíos de Hotín en la explanada frente al mercado, donde estacionaban los campesinos en días de feria, con sus ovejunos y vacunos. Había miles de deportados. mujeres, niños y hombres envueltos por un nube de misterio: –¿Por qué nos echan, cuál es nuestro pecado? ¿Esta noche, dónde dormiremos? ¿Saldremos vivos? ¿Se volvieron locos los soldados? –Confundieron delito con locura. [. . .]

         Los deportados avanzaban lentamente, acongojados, escoltados por militares romanos armados, con plenos poderes de abusar, herir y matar.[. . .]

         Los niños no cesaban su llanto desgarrador; el murmullo de los adultos perplejos seguía: ¿a dónde? ¿por qué? Polvo levantado por el viento, pegado a los narices, al pelo, a la ropa, al cuerpo sudorosa. Comenzó a oscurecer; la luna apareció, llena, desconcertada.

         Primera noche de su vida en la inhóspita intemperie; la fatiga no permitía razonar, sólo imperaban las necesidades primarias, sensoriales: calor, frío, hambre, dolor. [. . .] Luego, muy luego, a Dana se le irían acabando las fuerzas.

         Con el alba, los soldados renovaron la marcha forzada, arriando como a un ganado, gritando, a latigazos. –¡Ahora no puedo más! Tengo ampollas reventados en el otro pie, me duele tanto. [. . .]

Soldados del Ejército Rumano 1943

         Se vio rodeada de extraños, oprimidos, amenazados; sintió escalofrío ante el desamparo y soledad infinita. Sobre el lecho de hojas y ramas secas, inició el juego: morirse como liberación de tormento.[. . .]

        Ahora es noche allá, mientras estás durmiendo sobre su almohada, ¿te acordarás de mí en tus sueños? ¡Cuánto te quisiera!   [. . .]

         La primera víctima, una criatura de meses, murió asfixiada entre bártulos. La madre: –Quizá Dios me la quitó antes de sufriera más; en vez de llorar debería agradecer. [. . .]

          –Algo me camina por la cabeza—se admiró Dana–¿serán hormigas?

         Ojalá hubiesen sido hormiguitas:  ¡eran piojos! Invasión de piojos, grandes amarillentos, asquerosos, con huevos adheridos porfiadamente a los pelos; no había manera de librarse de ellos. Asco de sí misma: arrancarse, huir, sin tener a dónde ni cómo.      [. . .]

         Divisaron el río Dniester; cerca del embarcadero se distinguía un puente destruido, dinamitado por los rusos al retirarse; faltarían meses, hasta que los alemanes comenzaron a construir uno nuevo con el trabajo forzado de los deportados.       [. . .]

        Llegó la hora de seguir hasta el otro lado del río Dniester, y no pasarían desaparecidos con el tumulto de antes. La balsa se deslizó lentamente, suavemente, hacia el nuevo desvío caótico de sus vidas. [. . .]

         Hija mía, tu odio, lo palpo; traspasa continentes, mares y océanos, penetra en todos mis poros. [. . .]

        Simultáneamente les dio tifus exantemático; padre e hija yacían en el cuarto grande. Katia atendiéndolos. Fiebre altísima. Dana sentía palpitaciones en la cabeza, perdido en los sentidos por el delirio. Compresas de agua fría, era lo único disponible. [. . .]

        Comenzó una larga convalecencia. Hanán se recuperó pronto; Dana, de ojos hundidos y piel transparente, le costó volver a caminar.

        –Conseguí miel. Pan negro con miel te dará vigor. Hay que raptarte la cabeza, todos lo hacen después del tifus; así crece el pelo más sano y tupido.

        –¡No, no quiero! Papá, por favor, ¡no! – se defendió Dana.

        El tacto espinoso del cráneo, le quedaría eternamente pegado a las yemas de los dedos; el pelo demoró siglos en crecer. El hecho de que muchos anduviesen rapados en el guetto de Moguilev, no aliviaba en absoluto la angustia ni la humillación. Era como estar marcada, fuera de la estrella amarilla obligatoria, los rapados, los salvados de tifus.

          El minúsculo espejo de la dentista muerta mostraba una imagen fea; irremediablemente fea. [. . .]

      Me gustaría tanto saber lo que pasa en tu pequeño cerebro. Qué de pensamientos, qué de reproches, qué de juzgar tan severo. Sí, tú eres mi tribunal implacable y más despiadado. Mi bella hija, para el deleite de otros ojos .[. . .]

      Escapar: que termine; vislumbrar un fin tan utópico como desprenderse de la propia sombra. No, no había indicios, apoyos, signos, la nada absoluta invadía el horizonte. Muros insalvables de incertidumbre acorralado y oprimiendo, aumentando la angustia. En el impecable cielo azul. En cuyo espesor Dios se había desintegrado, quedaban estrellas y sueños bordados con hilos de polvo dorado.[. . .]

     –Ha llegado a Moguilev el delegado de la Cruz Roja Internacional, el señor Charles Kolb—informó Hanan, entrando en la calle—pretende prestar ayuda a los deportados. Ofreció a quienes tienen parientes en las Américas, transmitir misivas muy cortas: cuatro, cinco palabras, no más.

           NOUS MOURONS DE FAIM, DANA. La dirección (de su madre), la recordaba muy bien: Plaza Ñuñoa 19, Santiago de Chile. [. . .]

       Hacia fines de 1943, los sobrevivientes de esta deplorable migración eran 78.000 de los 200.000 deportados a Ucrania en 1941. Conferencia XVII del Comité Internacional de la Cruz Roja.Stockholm, agosto de 1948.

Tercera Parte

RETORNO octubre 1943

Una orden al comandante de la guarnición: Preparar las formalidades para el traslado de Dana I., ciudadana argentina, hacia Bucarest. El permiso de salida del guetto Moguilev, firmado por el mismo General Atonescu, había llegado anoche.[. . .]

      Como un terremoto en día claro. Dana no pensó, invadida de emoción, todo se desplazó, se volcó, sí, alegría, futuro. . . Peligros, sí, salir, correr y obliterar el pasado; pronto, ahora, al instante. El horizonte por fin se deslumbró, desconocido, confuso, pero existente. [. . .]

            De madrugada, en la calle desierta, quedó recortada y grabada la silueta de su padre, cuyos ojos brillosos rehusaban admitir la separación; acaso el último adiós, mientras el vehículo militar avanzaba pesadamente hacia el reconstruido puente sobre el río Dniester.[. . .]

      Vértigos, superarlos y controlarlos; idiomas en desuso, rescatarlos, aplicarlos; códigos nuevos, adaptarlos, asumirlos. . . Dana terminaba el día agobiada, con migrena persistente.[. . .]

      El Nuncio hizo las gestiones pertinentes: las monjas francesas de Notre Dame de Sion (en Bucarest) se harán cargo de su educación. Es un colegio particular de niñas, con muy buen internado. Allí permanecerá hasta nuevas instrucciones.[. . .]

¡La euforia me invade! ¡Vives! [. . .}

Noviembre 1947

Aeropuerto, Santiago de Chile, 1948

      Distingo la silueta, ahí estás, lejos, con tu maleta en el suelo. Sí, eres tú, buscándome en la mirada, aún no me ves, a pesar de mis señas, porque todos hacen señas. Vinieron en busca de alguien, con rostros sonrientes. Yo, aquí parada, once años, con mejillas húmedas, aunque prometí no llorar; mi mente turbada. Se diluyen los recuerdos: estás tú y tu rostro, tu cuerpo del mío, tus lágrimas, se funden en las mías, empañan la vista, siento los latidos, el pestañear y los sollozos ahogados. . .El ayer sellado junto al hoy cambiante, mirándonos; buscaremos juntas, respuestas que no siempre hallaremos.

November 1947

   Going down the steps from the plane, he didn’t hurry her pace; gain five minutes, eternity. . .not seeing her yet, the first word, perhaps the hug.

         She made out her at customs, behind the glassed-in parameter, tall, grayed hair, smoked up eyeglasses, shaking her am toward the public. Then would come the tears, the furtive kisses. A tangle of emotions, mute, tactile; the two, perhaps, intertwined, dissipating accumulated rancor. [. . .]

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“The Voyage”

First Part

Embarking, June, 1937

How can it be that suddenly, a voyage in a ship? Dana was amazed while she tried on the silk dress, sky-blue with white appliqué. Papa agreed to buying her the dress, no more asking. Who nice! To try on and try on. For they left the house with a hand bang, without any luggage.

      “It looks pretty on your,” smiled the saleslady, “It’s the color of your eyes. A small coat, perhaps, blue with golden buttons.

         Yes, of course, the afternoons are cool and we will be at sea for a month.[…]

        The English ship seemed enormous to her, with multiple decks at different levels, all brand new, brand new in the picture. Orapesa, what a strange name. Dana imagined lingotes and more lingotes of gold in it deepest holds, lined up like her brother Chepa’s little lead soldiers.

          Papa, let me have the top bed, so, I will be just in front of the round window. Look, look how the birds are flying around the ship. Will they accompany us for the entire trip?”

                 “We don’t know yet. […]

      –Ana ven, ha ocurrido algo terrible. Recibí un telegrama. Están en un barco, fuera de las aguas territoriales. ¡Ana, se robó a la niña!

      Lo recuerdo todo, porque el tiempo no borra, acaso ni mitiga ,ni eso. Quiero que tú sepas mi verdad, aunque no sé si algún día te mostraré porque el daño está hecho y vidas no se hacen como los tejidos a palillos. . .[. . .]

          Traté explicarle: –No se me atreví a confesártelo por cobarde, por temores. . . procura comprenderme, no puedo mentirte más.

          ¿Tratar de comprenderte? ¿De qué está hablando? Me destrozas con un cuchillo filoso, hundido sin piedad en lo vivo. ¿Tania, por qué? ¡Cinco años compartidos!

         Yo no abarcaba todavía la magnitud del desastre. Habló de dejar la casa. En ningún momento sospeché la venganza que preparaba[. . .]

         –Jamás se debe reconocer infidelidades; un amante es pasajero por definición Se habría acabado en unos años más, sin ocurrencias, Tania, hay cosas, que un marido no tiene para qué saberlas [. . .]

          Le engañé largo tiempo; fue inevitable, porque hubiese sido como querer detener una cascada: mi pasión era la vida misma, el fuego y el mar, ¿Cómo hubiese podido renunciar? Tania, ¡Una simple mortal![. . .]

         I remember everything. Because time doesn’t erase, perhaps not even mitigate, not that. OI want you to know my truth, although I don’t know if some day I will show you because the damage is done and lives aren’t made like a weaving of toothpicks.[. . .]

         “I tried to explain it to her. . .”I didn’t try everything to you, as a coward, for fears…try to understand me, I can’t lie to you anymore.

Try to understand you?” What are you talking about? You destroy me with a sharp knife, plunged, without remorse in the living. Tania, why” Five years shared.

I can’t get my arms around the magnitude of the disaster. He spoke of leaving home. At no time did I suspect the vengeance that was prepared.”.[. . .]

You should never pay attention to infidelities; a lover is a passerby by definition. It would have ended in a few more years, without trouble, Tania, there are some things, that a husband doesn’t need to know.[. . .]

I deceived him for a long time, it was inevitable, because it would have been like wanting to stop a waterfall: my passion was like itself, the fire and the sea, how could I have stopped? Tania, a simple mortal!”    

Septiembre 1937

Golda didn’t have children; Fani had died a few months before. Everything in the entire house-estate gave off the odor of shrouds; it could be said, correctly, that death lived in every corner, piece of furniture and adornment. She was spoken of endlessly, at the meals, on awakening; at night shouts of anguish were heard: Fani, Fani.

Dana saw the photographs of Fani, spread around the all the rooms, framed and hung on the walls, separate, of different sizes, on the furniture. The penetrating face from beyond the grave pursued her, she tried to cross her hands like the dead woman, to smile with the ends of lips pointing down; she didn’t  do it[ she couldn’t copy the hairstyle either. [. . .] on the contrary, only if she were brought back to life, would there be salvation; but Dana knew that, apart from Jesus Christ, nobody had come back

Fani, brilliant, good and beautiful was better than all and unreachable. Dania hated her, a sterile hate; the worst she could do is wish for an enemy—death—didn’t fit that description. . .on the contrary, only if she were to come back to like, could there be salvation, but Dana knew that, apart from Jesus Christ, no one had come back. Never, even trying hard, will she, not even remotely, look like the dead woman.[. . .]

For Golda, who proposed to Hanán the idea of going to America to live with them, the uncle disagreed. Why sell off everything? Get divorced here and remake your life without returning to Hotín. The uncle wasn’t in too much pain, the timbre of a child’s voice bothered him, the running, he didn’t want to be of interest to the police once more, he couldn’t [. . .]

Segunda parte

Storm June 1941

         My daughter, the news in the papers shocks me: the wa ris  coming close to your zone, your father, will they bring him to the front” What fear. You, at least, will stay safe with your aunts and uncles.

The deafening noise of the motors woke Dana; she ran to the window: “I could distinguish the pilots with their glasses and their black caps.” She heard shots and bombs drop[. . .]The distant war, thing of the newspapers and radio reports, had arrived, it was heard, touched.[. . .]

         The appointed day having arrived, the rounded up the Jews of Hotín in the esplanade in front of the market, where the peasants parked on holidays, with their sheep and cattle. There were thousands of deportees, women, children, children, surrounded in a cloud of mystery: “Why are they throwing us out, what is our sin? Tonight, where will we sleep? Will we get out of this alive? Have the soldiers gone crazy.” They confused crime with madness.

The deportees were advancing slowly, distressed, listening for the armed Rumanian soldiers, with full powers to abuse, wound, kill.  [. . .]

The first victim, a nine-month-old little girl, died, suffocated by the gear. The mother: “Perhaps God took her away from me before she suffered more; instead of crying, I should be thankful.  [. . .]

         “Something walked over my head,” Dana wondered. “Ants?”

         If only they had been ants: they were lice. An invasion of lice, yellowed, disgusting, with eggs adhering perfidiously to the hairs; there was no way to get free from then. Disgust with herself: to pull herself out, to flee, without having a where or a how.[. . .]

          They could spot the Dniester River; near to the pier, could be seen a destroyed bridge, dynamited by the Russians as they retreated; it would be months until the Germans began to construct a new one with the forced labor of the deportees.{. . .]

         The hour came for continuing toward the other side of the Dienster River, and they would pass hidden by the earlier tumult. The raft slid slowly, softly, toward the new chaotic detour of their lives [. . .]

         The children didn’t cease their heartrending crying, the murmuring of the perplexed adults followed: “to where? Why?” Dust, lifted by the wind, stuck to their noses, skin, clothing, sweating bodies.[. . .] It began to get dark, the moon appeared, distressed.

         The first night of her life in the inhospitable outdoors; fatigue didn’t allow for reasoning, only the primary sensorial necessities were important: heat, cold, hunger, pain.[. . .] Later, much later, Dana’s strength was failing.

         With the dawn, the soldiers renewed the forced march, led, like a herd of cattle, yelling, whiplashes. “I can’t go anymore! I have broken blisters on the other foot, it hurts so much.[. .. .]

Soldiers of the Romanian Army, 1944

Now it is night there, while you are sleeping on your pillow. Do you remember me in your dreams? How much I would love you![. . .]

         My daughter, your hatred, I feel it; it crosses continents, seas and oceans, it penetrates in all my pores.[. . .]

Simultaneously, they caught tick-born typhus : father and daughter lay in the large room. Katia, taking care of them. Very high fever. Dana felt palpitations in her head, lost in the feelings of delirium. Compresses of cold water, it was the only thing available.[. . .]

The long convalescence began. Hanán quickly recovered; Dana, with sunken eyes and transparent skin, it was hard for her to walk again.

“I got hold of some honey. Black bread with honey will give you strength; it’s necessary to shave your head; so that the hair grows back health and thick.

“No, I don’t want to! Papa, no, please! ” Dana defended herself.

The spiny touch of the skull would be eternally be stuck to her finger tips; the hair took centuries to grow back. The fac that many walked with shaved heads in the Moquilev ghetto, didn’t alleviate in the slightest the anguish and the pain. I was like being marked, beyond the obligatory yellow star, the shaved ones, those saved from typhus.

The miniscule mirror from the dead dentist showed an ugly image, irremediably ugly. [. . . ]

“I would so much like to know what is happening in your little head. What thoughts, what reproaches, what of judging so severely. If you are my implacable and most dismissive tribunal. My beautiful daughter, for the delight of other eyes. [. . .]

To escape: let it end: to glimpse an end so utopic as detaching her won shadow. No, there were no signs, hints, supports, signs, the absolutely nothing on the horizon. insolvable walls of uncertainty, locked up and oppressed, augmenting the anguish. In the impeccable blue sky. In whose thickness, God had disintegrated; there were dreams embroidered with threads of golden dust.

“The delegate of the International Red cross, Mr. Charles Kolb has arrived at Moguilev,” Hanán imformed them, entering the street—He intends to give help to the deportees. He offered to those who have relatives in the Americas, to transmit very short missives: four, five words, no more.

NOUS MOURINS DE FAIM, DANA, the address of her mother, she remembered it quite well: Plaza Ñunu, Santiago de chile. [.. .]

Toward the ends of 1943, the survivors of this deplorable migration were 79,000 of the 200.000 deported to th Ukraine in 1941, Conference of XVII of the International Red Cross. Stockholm, August, 1948.

The “delegate of the International Red cross, Mr. Charles Kolb has arrived at Moguilev,” Hanán imformed them, entering the street—He intends to give help to the deportees. He offered to those who have relatives in the Americas, to transmit very short missives: four, five words, no more.

NOUS MOURINS DE FAIM, DANA, the address of her mother, she remembered it quite well: Plaza Ñunu, Santiago de chile. [.. .]

Toward the ends of 1943, the survivors of this deplorable migration were 79,000 of the 200.000 deported to the Ukraine in 1941, Conference of XVII of the International Red Cross. Stockholm, August, 1948.

         Vertigos, overcome them and control them: languages in disuse, save them, apply them: new codes of behavior, adapt them, assume them. . .Dana ended the day exhausted, with a persistent migraine.{. . .]

         The Nuncio took care of the necessary details: the French nuns of Notre Dame of Sion (Bucharest) will take charge of her education. It is a private school for girls, with a very good boarding school. She will stay there until new instructions.[. . .]

¡The euphoria invades me! ¡You are alive!

Airport of Santiago de Chile, 1948

      Al bajar las escalinatas del avión, no apresuró el paso; ganara otros minutos, la eternidad. . .no verla todavía, la primera palabra, acaso el abrazo.

      La divisó desde la aduana, detrás del parámetro vidriado; alta, canosa, anteojos ahumados, agitando un brazo entre el público. Luego vendrían las lágrimas, los besos furtivos. Una maraña de emociones, mudas, táctiles; las dos, tal vez, entrelazadas, disipando rencores acumulados.[. . .]

     I distinguish the silouette, there you are, far away, with your  suitcase on the floor. Yes, it is you, looking for my face, you still don’t see me, in spite of my signals. The come looking for someone. Wit smiling faces. I, standing here, eleven years, with damp cheeks, although I promised not to cry, my mind disturbed. The memories become diluted: you are here and your face, your body from mine, your tears, they merge into mine, mist up sight, I feel the heartbeats, the blinking and the stifled sighs. . .The yesterday closed together with the changing today, looking at each other, we sill search together, answers that we won’t always find.

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Libros de Adina Darvasi-Iaker/Books by Adina Darvasi-Iarker

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Roney Cyntrynowicz –Historiador e contista brasileiro-judeu/Brazilian Jewish Historian and Short-story writer — “Manequins”/”Mannequins” — Um conto/A short-story

Roney Cyntrynowicz

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Roney Cytrynowicz é historiador e escritor, autor de A duna do tesouro, Quando vovó perdeu a memória  Guerra sem guerra: a mobilização e o cotidiano em São Paulo durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial. É diretor da Editora Narrativa Um – Projetos e Pesquisas de História e editor de uma coleção de guias de passeios a pé pela cidade de São Paulo, entre eles Dez roteiros históricos a pé em São Paulo Dez roteiros a pé com crianças pela história de São Paulo. Sua coluna de PublishNews conta histórias em torno de livros, leituras, bibliotecas, editoras, gráficas e livrarias e narra episódios sobre como autores e leitores se relacionam com o mundo dos livros

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Roney Cytrynowicz is a historian and writer, author of The Treasure Dune, When Grandma Lost Her Memory and War Without War: Mobilization and Daily Life in São Paulo during World War II. He is the director of Editora Narrativa Um – Projects and Research in History editor and editor of a collection of guides for walking tours in the city of São Paulo, including Ten Historical Walking Routes in São Paulo and Ten Walking Routes with Children through the History of São Paulo. His PublishNews column tells stories about books, readings, libraries, publishers, printers and bookstores and chronicles episodes about how authors and readers report to the world of books.

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“Manequins”

Há dois dias falei com meu tio avó por telefone. Eu não o conheço, Ele tem oitenta e quatro anos e faz vinte e cinco anos que não tem qualquer contato com a família. Combinamos uma visita. No Teatro de Câmara de Tel Aviv. Alguém me diz que meu tio é uma personagem conhecida. No seu 80º aniversario fizeram-lhe uma grande homenagem. Saiu até no jornal.

         Na portaria digo o nome. A moça identifica-o pelo sobrenome. Ele me cumprimenta com algum afeto. Um neto do Brasil, curioso. “Você é o único da família conhecido pelo sobrenome. É uma responsabilidade”, brinco. Ele apenas sorri. Pregunto algo sobre o teatro. Leva-me para conhecer palco, camarins, platéia. Voltamos a sua sala, onde ele se senta e retoma o trabalho. Fico observando sem saber o que fazer.

         Oferece-me um café. Aceito. Mesmo uma xicrinha de café pude ocupar-me por um tempo largo. Pode-se curtir cada gole, goles curtos, depositar a xícara no pratinho, mexer a colher, espalhar novamente o açúcar, assoprar o líquido para esfriá-lo, cheirar o café, cheirar o café, apenas assegurar a xícara como a esquentar um pouco a mão. Por fim, deixa-la na mão, mesmo vazia, por mais alguns segundos, como a saborear o último gole. Quando o último gole se for, acho que irei junto.   

         O que tem, no entanto, não é uma xícara, mas, um longo copo de café bem quente. Os pequenos ardis do tempo multiplicam-se. Calculo pelo menos vinte minutos. Esboço varias estratégias e me sinto mais confiante para investigar a sala. Encima de sua mesa, uma máquina de coser de pedal. Sala pequena, meio desarrumada. Num canto, manequins experimentando a roupa de nova montagem. Gorki. Ele mostra as roupas e fala os personagens.

         Manequins. Bonecos. Que dignidade têm eles ali na oficina do teatro. Bonecos de plástico. Uma imagem forte ameaça a emergir. Imagem de criança: bonecas, uma fábrica brinquedos. Uma línea de montagem comprida, dezenas de mulheres enfileiradas, duas filas, esquerda e direita, nenhum dialogo, movimentos mecânicos, colocar pés, braços, cabeça, sapatos, vestido, pentear os cabelos e pintar os olhos. Uma esteira comanda o ritmo no começo é no fim da esteira enormes caixas, a primeira com os pedaços de bonecas, partes de corpo, parte do corpo, mãos, braços, pés, pernas, cabeças, troncos, óculos, cílios,  fivelas, cintos, roupas, na última caixa, as bonecas inteiras. Figuren. Nos campos, era proibido falar cadáveres, mortos, pessoas. Apenas figuren. Figuras. Como bonecos despedaçados. Não homens. Jamais homens. Apenas bonecos. Será que aquelas mulheres da fábrica ainda conseguem brincar de boneca?

         Imagem de criança. Sentado em sua escrivaninha, o dono observa o trabalho das operárias. Enquanto olha os pedaços de boneco sendo montados ele lembra do campo. Sonderkomando. A palavra que definia tudo. Ele trabalhara num sonderkomando. Retirava os mostos pelo gás. Já ne se lembrava quantas vezes escapara dela morte, quantas dezenas de milhares de cadáveres vira. As lembranças dessa fase não estão elaboradas. Não firam pensadas. São apenas registros. Imagens brutas, cenas sensaçãoes, pequenos terrores e angústias com a que memória bombardeia nossas ansiedades. Lembrava-se sempre as duas filas: esquerda e direita, pedaços de pessoas, pernas, braços, morte e linha de montagem. Agora, cada boneca montada era como um ser humano que renascia. Figuren que se tornavam novamente humanas. Linha de montagem invertida. Começava com as partes do corpo e montava uma figura viva. Homens e figuren jamais se confundíam.

         Cada vez que suava a sirene do almoço ele lembrava do dia de libertação. Sirenes de ambulâncias, soldados com comida, alguns com flores: ele olhava com apatia e indiferença. Não tinha forças para sentir felicidade, para se pensar fora daquele mundo. Difícil entender: apenas um muro de tijolos, um dia começou, um dia acabou e apenas um muro de tijolos. Sonderkomando, esse nome parecia dar o limite máximo de vida possível. De fantasia e de futuro. Enquanto pudesse estar ali, tal vez pudesse viver. Agora o muro não existe mais. E ele não conseguia enxergar vida. As operárias estranhavam aquele patrão que passava horas observando sem nunca dirigir-Ihes palavra. Elas não entendiam por que ele acompanhava cada rolar de esteira, cada peça encaixada. Cada figuren recriada.

         Poucas horas depois de libertação, no acampamento militar, veio uma criança. Não que língua ela falava, talvez alemão, talvez nenhuma. A criança trazia uma boneca, o viu prostrado, chegou perto, fez umas piruetas é a colocou em suo colo. Presente. Afastou-se. Ele sabia que sua vida recomeçara ali. Aquela boneca fui o primeiro ser humano que o tocou com ternura. Após anos de violência.

         Tempos despois, já no Brasil, inaugurou a fábrica de brinquedos. Deu a boneca a uma menina de rua. Era hora de passá-la adiante. De salvar outras vidas. Encherei a mundo de bonecas novas, decidiu. E lançou-se com toda energia a fabricação de milhares de elas. Cada boneca que saía de sua fábrica, não que fossem iguaizinhas, tinha ima missão para a humanidade,

             –Você olha as manequins como se conversasse com eles, diz meu tio avó.

            — Gosta deles? Pregunta uma costureira na sala, cheia de curiosidade sobre quem eu era. Ela se volta para meu tio e indaga, “é suo amigo?”

           Ele diz apenas: “um parente do Brasil”. Lembro de Singer, “Uma noite em Brasil”.

          –Um dia tal vez os manequins mereçam que se escriva uma história sobre eles, comento.

          –Todas as histórias são para elas.

          –Mas são como os homens que manipulam as marionetes. Nunca aparecem.

       –Pense de outra forma. Elas guardam a vida das personagens de teatro enquanto os autores não entram em cena, diz ela.

       Preparando-me para esse encontro tive o impulso de levar um gravador. Registrar para sempre histórias de família; não sei se encontrarei de novo meu tio avô. Mas desisti. Acho que preferia falar de amenidades. Apenas rir um pouco. Talvez pedir uma história. Contar algo do Brasil. Do teatro. A guerra de Romeu e Julieta. Tenho que voltar, foi a primeira coisa que pensei. Um primeiro encontro, vinte e cinco anos, aquele número no me saía da cabeça.

Observo-o trabalhar. Enquanto ele cerze seus pontos, vou costurando minhas histórias. Ele é meu tio avô por parte de pai e mãe, irmão da minha avó materna e primo do meu avo paterno. Esteve toda a guerra com meu avo na União Soviética. Ele costurava a meu avô para fazia marcenaria para cenários de teatro. Os dois trabalhavam no Kíevski Ievieíski Teatr. A máquina de costura nunca parou. Mesmo durante a guerra. Imagino os sons, a costura e serrote recortando madeiras. Sons da Rússia. Sons de guerra. Minha avó materna também costurava. Eu tentei uma vez quando era criança. Lembro de umas férias em que uma babá me ensinou. Ela era funcionária de uma empresa têxtil. Eu gostei logo. Fiz uma boneca de retalhos de tecidos. Guardei-a durante muitos anos. Os remendos foram abrindo. Mesmo assim teimava em mantê-la. Há certas coisas de infância que já não cabem na adolescência e começam a estourar. Acho que algum cachorro acabou por destruir a boneca, Nunca mais eu quis costurar.

       Eu sabia o que representavam aqueles poucos minutos em que estivemos juntos. Vinte e cinco anos. Quase a minha idade. Na despedida, poucas palavras. A curiosidade inicial agora afeto. Andamos pelo corredor rumo á porta. Ele não tem pressa. Olha-me como a sondar quando será o próximo encontro. Pede que eu escreva. Mesmo que apenas algumas linhas. Peço o endereço. Vou a escrever. Prometo. Algumas linhas. Com algumas poucas linhas, ele sobreviveu ao exílio e continua a criar mundos, roupas, épocas, personagens, histórias, encontros. Os manequins deixam de ser figuren. Viram coadjuvantes de criação. Preciso conectar estas linhas. Vinte e cinco. Talvez oitenta e quatro. Ainda não escrevi para ele. Gostaria de assistir à estréia de peça de Gorki. Ver a roupas em cena. Antes que os manequins guardem vida dos personagens por outros vinte e cinco anos. O talvez para sempre.

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Download Vector Free Library Professional Semi To Washington - Mannequin  With Dress Png - Full Size PNG Image - PNGkit

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“Mannequins”

Two days ago, I spoke with my great uncle by telephone. He is eighty-four years old, and it’s been twenty-five years since he’s had any contact whatsoever with the family. We arranged for a visit. In the Camera Theater in Tel Aviv. Someone told me that my uncle was a well-known person. On his eightieth birthday, they had a large tribute for him.  It was in the newspaper.

           At the box office, I gave them my name. A girl identified him by his last name. He greeted me with some affection. A grandson from Brazil. Curious. “You are the only one in your family known by your last name. That is a responsibility.” I joke. He hardly smiles. I ask him something about the theater. He takes me to see the stage, dressing rooms, seats. We return to his office, where he sits down and goes back to work. I continue observing without knowing what to do.

              He offers me a cup of coffee. I accept. Even a small cup of coffee could keep me busy for a long time. I can make each sip small, small sips, place the cup on the saucer, stir with a spoon, sprinkle the sugar in again, blow on the liquid to cool it, smell the coffee, barely hold on to the cup as if to warm my hand. Finally, I let go of my hand, for a few seconds more, so as to savor the last sip. When the last sip is done, I think that I will go over to him.

What I have, in the meantime, is not a small cup, but a large very hot, cup coffee. The little bits of time multiply. I calculate at least twenty minutes, I rough out several strategies, and I feel more confident about investigating the room. On a table, a pedal-driven sewing machine. Small room, somewhat cluttered. No corner, mannequins trying on clothing for a new Gorki production. He shows the clothing and talks about the characters.

              Mannequins. Dolls. What dignity do they have here in a theater office. Plastic dolls. A strong image threatens to appear. Image of a girl; dolls, a toy factory. A lengthy assembly line, dozens of women in line, two rows, left and right, no dialog, mechanical movements, putting on feet, arms, head, shoes, dress, comb the hair and painting the eyes. A conveyer belt controls the movement, from the beginning to end. And along the belt, enormous boxes, first with the bits of dolls, body parts, hands, arms, feet, legs, heads, trunks, eyes, eyelashes, buckles, belts, in the last box, the completed dolls. Figuren. In the camps, it was forbidden to talk about cadavers, the dead,  people. Even Figuren. No humans. Never humans. Even dolls. Could it be that those women in the factory even now are able to act as to dolls?

         Image of a little girl. Sitting on a work table, the owner observes the work of the operators. While he sees the pieces of the dolls being assembled, he remembers the camps Sonderkomando. A word that defines everything. He worked as a sonderkomando. He retrieved the remains from the gas. He no longer remembers how many times he escaped death, how many dozens of thousands to roll over, They were not thought about, they were scarcely numbers. Brutal images, sensational scenes, small terrors  and the anguishes with which memory bombardes our anxieties. He always remembered the two files: left and right, pieces  of people, legs, arms, dead and in line of montage. Now, every assembled doll was like a human being who was reborn, Figuren that became humans who were reborn. The line of figures inverted, He started with the body parts and create a living being. Humans and figuren were never confused.

              Every time that the lunch siren sounded, he remembered the day of liberation. Sirens and ambulances, soldier with food, some with flowers: He looked on with apathy and indifference. He didn’t have the energy to feel happiness, in order to beyond that world. Difficult to understand: just a wall of bricks. A day began, a day ended and just a wall of bricks. Sonderkomando, that name seemed to place an absolute limit on a possible life. Of phantasy and of future. As long as he could be there, perhaps he could live. Now the wall doesn’t exist. And he didn’t get to see life. The operators found it strange that the boss who spent hours watching without directing a word to them. They didn’t understand why he accompanied every turn of the belt, every boxed piece. Every figuren recreated.

A few hours after Liberation, in the military camp, he saw a little girl. He didn’t know what language she spoke, perhaps German, perhaps none. The little girl carried a doll, He saw it lying down, she got up and did some pirouettes and held it closely in her lap. Present. She turned away. He knew that her world would begin again there. That doll was the first the first human being that touched him with tenderness. After years of violence. Sometime later, new in Brazil, he opened a toy factory. He gave a doll to a girl in the street. It was the time to move forward. To save other lives. He will fill the world with new dolls, he decided. And he threw himself, with all his energy into the creation of thousands of them. Every doll that left his factory, none made the same as the others, had a mission for humanity   

“You look the mannequins as if you can converse with them,” my great uncle said.

             “Do you like them?” A seamstress from the room, full of curiosity over who I was. She turned to my uncle and questioned, “Is he your friend?”

             He only said “a relative from Brazil.” I remembered Singer’s “A Night in Brazil.”

“The mannequins are worthy of having a story written about them Someday,” she commented.

“All stories are for them.”

“But it is as if human beings manipulate the marionettes. They never appear.”

“Look at in another way. They the continue lives of of the theater characters, while the authors don’t enter in the scene,” she said.

Preparing myself for this meeting, I had impulse to bring a recorder. To record family stories forever; I don’t know if I will meet my uncle again. But I held back; I guess I preferred to speak about amenities. Perhaps laugh a little. Perhaps ask for a story. To tell something about Brazil. Of the theater. The war of Romeo and Juliette. I have to come back. It was the first thing I thought of. A first encounter, twenty-five years, that number didn’t leave my mind.

I watch him work. While he sewed his stiches, he went on sewing my stories. He and my great uncle on the side of both my father and mother, brother of my maternal grandfather a cousin of my paternal grandfather For all of the war, he was with my grandfather in the Soviet Union. He clothed my grandfather, so he could do carpentry for the scenery in the Kíevski Ievieíski Teatr. The sewing machine never stopped. My paternal grandfather also sewed. The same during the war. I imagined the sounds of sewing and of saws cutting wood. Sounds of Russia. Sounds of war My maternal grandfather also sewed. And I tried it one when I was a little boy. I remember the days when my grandmother taught me. She was a functionary in a textile business. I liked it right away. I made a doll of pieces of fabric. I kept it for many years. The repairs were opening up. And so, I was also afraid of killing it. There are certain things from childhood that don’t fit in adolescence and begin to be lost. I guess that some puppy finished off the doll. I never sewed again.

I knew what the few minutes which we were together represented. Twenty-five years. Almost my age. At the good-byes, few words. The original curiosity now affection. We walked down the corridor in toward the door. He wasn’t in a hurry. He looked at me as if to calculate when our next meeting would be. He asked me to write. Even a few lines. I ask for the address. I will write. I promise. A few lines. He survived exile and continued to create worlds, clothing, epochs, people, stories, meetings. The mannequins were no longer figuren. They became assistants of creation. It’s necessary to connect these lines. Twenty-five. Perhaps eighty-four.  Yet I never wrote to him. I would like to attend a performance of a piece by Gorki. To see costumes in the scene. Before the mannequins keep those people alive for another twenty-five years. Or perhaps for all times.

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Livros de Roney Cytrynowicz/Books by Roney Cytrynowicz

José Sacal (1944-2018) Escultor judío-mexicano/Mexican Jewish Sculptor — “Un mexicano universal”/” A Universal Mexican” — Estatuas únicas en bronce/Unique Bronze Statues

José Sacal

José Sacal, mexicano de herencia judía, nació en la ciudad de Cuernavaca, Morelos, en 1944. A temprana edad, asistió a la Escuela de Artes del Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes de Morelos, donde tuvo su primer encuentro con pintura y modelaje. Luego se mudó a la Ciudad de México, donde asistió a la escuela secundaria y trabajó en el Hospital Psiquiátrico de La Castañeda, proponiendo actividades creativas para la rehabilitación de los reclusos. Más tarde, Sacal ingresó a la UNAM donde comenzó sus estudios en medicina. Allí, sus prácticas en el teatro anatómico se destacaron y le proporcionaron un conocimiento sobresaliente de la anatomía humana. Durante este período, dedicó una gran parte de su tiempo a asistir a clases en la Escuela de Pintura y Escultura de La Esmeralda. A los 24 años, comenzó a trabajar como diseñador de moda y realizó visitas a París, Roma y Nueva York. Finalmente, Sacal decidió enfocarse exclusivamente en el trabajo de escultura, primero con plastilina y finalmente con arcilla, un material que sigue siendo el “receptor moldeable de sus sentimientos”. La calidad del trabajo de Sacal ha sido y sigue siendo aplaudida, causando controversia y anticipación en sus más de 40 exposiciones individuales y docenas de colaboraciones dentro de su propio país y el mundo.Jose Sacal continuó trabajando como escultor hasta que falleció a fines de 2018. El Clinton Center, en Little Rock, Arkansaw, en asociación con el Consulado de México y la Fundación José Sacal Micha, presentó una exposición del trabajo del escultor José Sacal, en celebración del Día de la Independencia de México y el Mes Nacional de la Herencia Hispana.

Adaptado de EnlaceJudío de México y The Clinton Foundation

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José Sacal, a Mexican of Jewish heritage, was born in the city of Cuernavaca, Morelos, in 1944. At an early age, he attended the School of Arts of the National Institute of Fine Arts of Morelos, where he had his first encounter with painting and modeling. He then moved to Mexico City, where he attended high school and worked at the La Castañeda Psychiatric Hospital, proposing creative activities for the rehabilitation of inmates. Later, Sacal entered UNAM where he began his studies in medicine. There, his practices in anatomical theater stood out and provided him with an outstanding knowledge of human anatomy. During this period, he devoted a large part of his time to attending classes at the La Esmeralda School of Painting and Sculpture. At age 24, he began working as a fashion designer and made visits to Paris, Rome, and New York. Finally, Sacal decided to focus exclusively on sculpture work, first with plasticine and finally with clay, a material that continues to be the “moldable receptor of his feelings.” The quality of Sacal’s work has been and continues to be applauded, causing controversy and anticipation in his more than 40 solo exhibitions and dozens of collaborations within his own country and the world. Jose Sacal continued to work as a sculptor until his passing in late 2018. In 2019, The Clinton Center, in Little Rock, Arkansaw, in partnership with the Consulate of Mexico in Little Rock and the José Sacal Micha Foundation, presented an exhibition of sculptor José Sacal’s work, in celebration of Mexican Independence Day and National Hispanic Heritage Month.

Adapted from EnlaceJudío of Mexico City and the Clinton Foundation

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“La inspiración para crear mis obras son mis sentimientos, pensamientos
que pueden ser muchísimos, lo importante es ‘realizarlo’ aunque parezca
una locura, o un sueño, o algo absurdo. — José Sacal”

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“The inspiration to create my works are my feelings, thoughts
that can be many, the important thing is to ‘do it’ even if it seems
crazy, or a dream, or something absurd.” — José Sacal

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Escultura/Sculpture

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Toro/Bull
Equilibrio/Equilibrium
Ballena/Whale
Caballo/Horse
Manos/Manos
Louis Armstrong
Albert Einstein
Movimiento/Movement

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Obras variadas/A variety of works

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La Shoá/The Holocaust

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Arte al aire libre/Outdoor Art

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José Sacal — 1944-2018

Visite el sitio web de Sacal/Visit the Sacal Website

http://josesacal.com/acerca-del-maestro-sacal/

Diana Wang — Psicóloga judeo argentina/Argentine Jewish Psychologist –“Generaciones de la Shoá {Holocausto}” “Proyecto Aprendiz” Museo del Holocausto de Buenos Aires/”Generations of the Shoah” “Apprentice Project” Holocaust Museum of Buenos Aires

Diana Wang

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Diana Wang nació en Polonia en 1945, hija de sobrevivientes de la Shoá. Llegó a la Argentina en 1947.  Psicoterapeuta especializada en terapia de pareja (práctica privada). Escritora y conferencista. Hasta 2018: Desde “Generaciones de la Shoá”: realizó una constante labor en difusión y educación. Charlas, conferencias, seminarios en la Argentina y el exterior, en instituciones de educación formal e informal. Produjeron material educativo sobre las variadas temáticas de la Shoá, publican los Cuadernos de la Shoá y han generado el “Proyecto Aprendiz” para mantener viva la memoria oral de la Shoá. Integran el capítulo argentino de la IHRA (International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance). . Desde 2018 miembro del Consejo de Administración del Museo del Holocausto de Buenos Aires . Continúan los proyectos de “Generaciones de la Shoá” en Argentina.

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Diana Wang was born in Poland in 1945, the daughter of survivors of the Shoah. She arrived in Argentina in 1947. Psychotherapist specializing in couples therapy (private practice). Writer and lecturer. Until 2018: with the “Generations of the Shoah” (Holocaust): worked dissemination and education. Talks, conferences, seminars in Argentina and abroad, in formal and informal educational institutions. Her groups produced educational material on the various themes of the Shoah, published the Cuadernos de la Shoá (Shoah Notebooks) and generated the “Apprentice Project” to keep the oral memory of the Shoah alive. They are part of the Argentine chapter of Integran el capítulo argentino de la IHRA (International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance.) Since 2018, Diana Wang is a member of the Board of Directors of the Museum of the Holocaust of Buenos Aires. The “Generations of the Shoah” projects continue in Argentina.

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Memoria en acción.

Sobrevivientes de la Shoá y sus descendientes en un trayecto de reconstrucción.

Niños de la Shoá. Contar lo vivido, incluirlo en el contexto específico, volver a mirarse, ubicarse en una nueva perspectiva y aprender de las propias experiencias, es lo que los sobrevivientes de la Shoá y sus descendientes hemos encontrado  desde  que comenzamos a reunirnos. Nos recolectamos con la cadena de nuestro linaje familiar, aprendimos los unos de los otros y fuimos reconstruyendo nuestros pasados con nuevas piezas que respondían a oscuros interrogantes y aprendiendo lecciones útiles para el presente y el futuro.

      Nos conocimos y comenzamos a reunirnos en 1997. Nos contamos nuestras historias y descubrimos con sorpresa cómo se parecían y cuántas cosas que creímos nos pasaban solo a nosotros eran compartidas por los demás.

     Empezamos a ser “Niños de la Shoá” porque casi todos habían sido muy chicos en aquel momento. Algunos, como yo misma, aunque nacimos poco después, vimos que nuestras historias también tenían puntos en común. Los nacidos después de 1940 casi no tenían recuerdos y sus memorias debían ser indagadas y reconstruidas. También los que nacimos una vez terminada la Shoá buscábamos en nuestros pasados familiares los eslabones que nos faltaban para reconstruir la cadena con nuestros padres y abuelos. Suelo decir que lo más importante que me pasó en la vida pasó antes de que yo naciera. Lo “más importante” era lo que nos unía y lo que constituía un nido cariñoso en donde encontrar las claves que nos faltaban. Todos tenemos una relación íntima y personal con la Shoá y el compartirla nos regaló una nueva pertenencia, nos sentíamos una familia.

Generaciones de la Shoá. En 2004 emprendimos una gran aventura, el encuentro internacional que llamamos De Cara al Futuro con la asistencia de sobrevivientes, hijos, nietos, parientes, docentes, historiadores y personalidades de la cultura de varios países. Este evento consolidó nuestra asociación que se formalizó y pasó a ser “Generaciones de la Shoá” en Argentina.

      Generaciones fue una institución muy particular en el contexto de las organizaciones judías locales, porque estaba integrada por muchas mujeres. Los hombres que nos acompañaban se sorprendían de que pudiéramos estar hablando de cuatro cosas al mismo tiempo, no solo sobre lo que había que hacer sino también sobre el estado de salud de cada uno, qué hija está embarazada o qué nieto tuvo un éxito en la escuela o mucha fiebre la noche anterior.

Una institución diferente. Claramente inventamos un modo particular distinto de los modelos usuales de las organizaciones judías locales. No había diferencia entre la comisión directiva que pensaba y decidía y quienes ejecutaban lo decidido. Los que integrábamos la Comité Directiva estábamos en todas las otras áreas: discutíamos, pensábamos, firmábamos cheques y, cuando hacía falta, tomábamos una escoba y barríamos el piso. Mientras generábamos materiales educativos bajábamos a abrir la puerta, cuando inventábamos proyectos innovadores estábamos también atentos a que no faltara el café ni el té ni el mate ni el edulcorante ni las galletitas. Todos voluntarios, todos llevando adelante una misión muy significativa, estábamos en nuestra casa con nuestra familia.

       Eran reuniones fértiles, con un clima tan amable que daba gusto estar allí. Pero no sólo creábamos y difundíamos materiales pedagógicos, también celebrábamos las fechas de nuestra tradición judía, festejábamos los cumpleaños, nos acompañábamos en las tristezas y nos alegrábamos con las alegrías… constituíamos una impensada nueva red entrañables, tal vez una compensación afectiva por lo que  algunas de nosotros nos había faltado en nuestras infancias.

       Aprendimos de nuestros padres y sobrevivientes, a transformar la tragedia en una filosofía que privilegia la vida y le da sentido, contando hasta con alegría quiénes éramos y lo que habíamos aprendido. Participamos intensamente en redes sociales y reaccionamos fuertemente ante la utilización de la Shoá para fines ajenos a ella, los lugares comunes y las mentiras. Frases como “nunca más”, “recordar para no repetir”, “para las futuras generaciones”, y tantas otras que escuchamos a diario, nos llevan una y otra vez a explicaciones y desmitificaciones.  Rectificamos permanentemente informaciones falsas.    Luchamos contra la banalización cuando se menciona al nazismo, a Hitler o a Goebbels, como un sustantivo común, como un insulto. Salimos al cruce de las declaraciones que toman los hechos a la ligera y superficialmente, que los tergiversa e impide revelar y comprender su contenido y alcance. Protestamos ante la espuria comparación entre la Shoá y la política del Estado de Israel señalando que el hoy llamado anti-sionismo es el mismo antisemitismo travestido.

Miembros de Generaciones de la Shoá

Creamos tres proyectos que nos trascenderán: los Cuadernos de la Shoá y el Proyecto Aprendiz I y II.

1.- Cuadernos de la Shoá. Es una publicación destinada a los docentes que precisan una herramienta pedagógica exhaustiva para enseñar sobre el Holocausto. Cada Cuaderno (hay 8 publicados y el 9 a punto de salir) encara un tema específico, los rescatadores, los niños, las mujeres, las resistencias, la shoá inmersa en la segunda guerra, la deshumanización, las trayectorias, los genocidios del siglo XX. Cada número está estructurado alrededor de 3 ejes: la conceptualización, el diseño y la ilustración gráfica y los testimonios personales que transmiten el aspecto humano involucrado.

Los cuadernos se pueden ver/descargar: en https://museodelholocausto.org.ar/publicaciones/cuadernos-de-la-shoa/

Aquí un video sobre los cuadernos: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9f3XT66m6qA&ab_channel=BACultura

2.- Proyecto Aprendiz I. Surgió para asegurar que cada una de las historias siga siendo contada de manera presencial y oral. Cuando ya no haya sobrevivientes que cuenten lo vivido, El testimonio vivo permite la interacción, la pregunta y llega directamente a cada oyente porque es entregado con la emoción de quien lo vivió. La idea es capacitar a adultos jóvenes para contar, el día de mañana, la historia de un sobreviviente particular. Durante tres meses de contacto directo, cada Aprendiz conoce, acompaña y conversa con un sobreviviente. No es solo sobre sus vivencias en la Shoá, también sobre su infancia, su vejez, sus ideales, sus alegrías, sus tristezas. El Aprendiz recibe e incorpora esa historia a su propia vida y se compromete a contarla en las siguientes décadas. Son en la actualidad 150 los Aprendices que tienen ahora esta nueva responsabilidad en sus vidas.

Una charlas TED de Diana Wang “Los aprendices de la Historia” subtitulada en inglés https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OeNvaToNv_k&t=

La superviviente Lea Zajac (derecha) y su aprendiz Darío Berlinerblau (izquierda), en Buenos Aires

3.- Proyecto Aprendiz II. Creamos una segunda etapa, la capacitación de los Aprendices en la construcción de una charla breve, de hasta 20 minutos, contando la experiencia vivida al lado del sobreviviente y la manera en que fueron atravesados por ella en su propia vida. Cada charla se registra en video que se difunde por las redes sociales. Estas breves charlas tienen un fuerte potencial educativo. En una clase alcanza el tiempo para complementarlo con conceptualizaciones, comentarios, preguntas y actividades pedagógicas que aseguran la comprensión de lo vivido.

      Las charlas de estos adultos jóvenes tienen un poderoso efecto sobre quienes las oyen. La anécdota, la presencia viva, la emoción puesta en acto, son vehículos privilegiados para que la memoria se estimule y no se pierda en el olvido.

4. – Museo del Holocausto de Buenos Aires. En 2018 pasamos a integrar el Museo aunando esfuerzos y voluntariados. Aportamos lo que somos y lo que sabemos, los materiales que producimos y los testimonios a escuelas y universidades.

El sobreviviente Rudi Haymann

Dialogamos con distintos grupos, aprendemos y enseñamos, integramos el capítulo argentino de la Alianza Internacional para la memoria del Holocausto, acompañamos con capacitaciones, testimonios y con nuestros sobrevivientes al programa Marcha por la Vida. Participamos de la Red Latinoamericana para la Enseñanza de la Shoá y seguimos con los Cuadernos de la Shoá y con el Proyecto Aprendiz. Este último está en proceso de reactualización dado que el paso del tiempo hizo que ya no contemos con sobrevivientes para hacerlo. Entraremos al escenario los hijos de sobrevivientes con nuestras experiencias de haber crecido con las marcas que la Shoá dejó en nuestros padres; también los nietos, ya más libres del vínculo directo con los sobrevivientes, con una renovada capacidad de pregunta, investigación y memoria.

En síntesis. Durante la Batalla de Inglaterra, Sir Winston Churchill se refirió a quienes lucharon diciendo que “nunca tan pocos habían hecho tanto por tantos”. Somos, como aquel escuadrón de la RAF, un puñado de personas, con pequeñas voces que, antes desde Niños de la Shoá, Generaciones de la Shoá y ahora desde el Museo, crecen y se amplifican, se vuelven fuertes y potentes en su persistencia por mantener viva la memoria de la Shoá, generar conciencia para que el tan ansiado “nunca más” alguna vez lo sea.

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Memory in Action

Survivors of the Shoah and their descendants in a trajectory of reconstruction

Children of the Shoá. To tell of what was lived, to include it in the chain of family descendance, to understand it according to the specific context, to look at it again, to put it into a new perspective and to learn from one’s own experiences is what the survivors of the Shoah (Holocaust) and their descendants have found to be since we began to meet. We reconnected with the chain of our family lineage; we learned from each other and we went on reconstructing our pasts with new pieces that responded to obscure questions. We learned useful lessons for the present and for the future.

We began to meet regularly in 1997. We told our stories, and with surprise, we discovered how very similar were so many things we had believed  happened only to each one of us, and were, in fact, shared with the others.

     We began as the “Children of the Shoah,” because almost all of us had been very little at the end of the war. Some, including myself, though born a bit after that, saw that our stories also had points in  common. Those born after 1940 have almost no early memories and so their “memories” had to be investigated and reconstructed. Also, those of us who were born after the Shoah sought in our families’ past the links that we lacked to reconstruct the chain of connections to our parents and our grandparents. I often say that most important thing that happened to me in my life, happened before I was born. That “most Important thing” was that which unified us and what became an affectionate nest in which to find the keys that we lacked. We all had an intimate and personal relationship with the Shoah, and sharing it gave us a new sense of belonging. We felt like a family.

A Different Type of Institution. Clearly, we invented a way of doing things that was different from the usual procedures of local Jewish organizations. There was no difference between the Board of was Directors who thought about and made decisions and those who carried out what decided upon. Those of us who were members of the Board, were active in all other areas: we participated discussions, thought, signed checks about programs, and when it was necessary, took a broom and swept the floor. While we generated educational materials, we went down to open the door; while we invented innovative projects, we also made sure that there was no lack of coffee, tea, mate, sweetener and crackers. All volunteers, we all developed a very meaningful mission, we were in our home with our family.

Generations of the Shoah. In 2004, we set out on a great adventure, an international conference that we called “Facing the Future. In attendance were survivors, children, grandchildren, relatives, teachers, historians and cultural figures from several countries. This event strengthened our association. It was formalized and began to be known as the “Generations of the Shoah” in Argentina. “Generations” was a very unusual in the context of local Jewish organization, because it mainly consisted of women. The men who accompanied us were amazed that we were able to be talking about four things at the same time, not only what had to be done, but also the health of each one of us, whose daughter was pregnant or which grandson had done well at school or had a high fever the previous night.

       These were fertile meetings, with such a pleasant environment that it was enjoyable to be there. But we didn’t only create and distributed pedagogic materials, we also celebrated the holidays of our Jewish tradition, celebrated birthdays, gave support during unhappy events and were happy about our joys. . .we constituted an unexpected new affective web with close ties, perhaps a compensation for what some of us had lacked during our childhoods.

     We learned from our parents and survivors to transform the tragedy into a motive for living. We created a philosophy that valued life and gave it meaning, in the organization as well as in our own lives, recounting, almost with joy, who we were and what we had learned.

     We participated intensely in social networks, and we reacted strongly against the use of the Shoah for reasons that were not connected to it. Phrases like “Never again,” “Remember so not to  repeat,” “For the future generations” and so many others that we heard every day, brought us back again and again to explanations and demystifications. We permanently rectified false information. We fought against the banalization when Nazism, Hitler or Goebbels were mentioned as a common noun, which we took as an insult. We came out against statements that treated the facts lightly or superficially. We repudiated statements that distorted the facts, for they impeded making the making them known and the understanding of their content and scope. We protested against the spurious comparison of the Shoah with the politics of the State of Israel, pointing that what is now called Anti-Zionism is the same old Anti-Semitism in disguise.

Members of Generations of the Shoah

     We created three project that would go beyond what we had accomplished so far: the Cuadernos de la Shoá (Notebooks of the Shoah) and Proyecto Aprendiz I y II (Project Apprentice I and 2 (Project Apprentice I and II).

1.  Cuadernos de la Shoá. The Cuadernos are a publication directed at teachers who require an exhaustive pedagogical tool for teaching about the Holocaust. Each Cuaderno (there are now eight published and a nineth about to come out) deals with a specific theme: the rescuers, the children, the women, the resistance, the Shoah as part of the Second World War, the dehumanization, the outcomes, the genocides of the twentieth century. Each book is structured around three central concepts: the definition and explanation of the main ideas, the design of the book and graphic illustrations, the personal testimonies of survivors that transmit the human aspect of those involved.

To Live with Evil: Genocides of the Twentieth Century

To see or download the Cuadernos, go to:  https://museodelholocausto.org.ar/publicaciones/cuadernos-de-la-shoa/

A video about the Cuadernos (in Spanish) :https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9f3XT66m6qA&ab_channel=BACultura

2. – Project Apprentice I. Project Apprentice I was developed to assure that each one of the living survivor’s stories continue to be told in an oral and face-to-face way. The living testimony permits interaction and questioning and brings directly to each listener the emotion of someone who lived through it all. The idea is to train young adults to tell in the future, the history of a specific survivor. During three months of direct contact, each Apprentice gets to know, accompanies, converses with the survivor. This conversation treats not only the survivor’s experiences during the Shoah, but also her childhood, her old age, her ideals, her joys, her sorrows. The Apprentice receives and incorporates that story into his or her life and commits to retell it in the coming decades. There are now 150 Apprentices who now have this responsibility.

One of Diana Wang’s TED talks, with English subtitles:  “Los aprendices de la Historia”/”The Apprentices of History”:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OeNvaToNv_k&t=4s

Survivor Lea Zajac (right) with her apprentice Darío Berlinerblau (left), in Buenos Aires

3. Project Apprentice II. We created a second level to these activities. The Apprentices were trained to develop a short talk, up to twenty minutes in length, in which they described their experiences living along with a survivor and the ways in which their own lives were affected by it. Each talk was recorded on videos that were distributed through social media. These brief talks have a strong potential in education. After showing a video in a single class, there is time left to complement it with concepts, commentaries, questions and pedagogic activities that assure the understanding of what had been lived through.

The talks by these young adults have a strong effect on those who hear them. The anecdote, the living presence, the immediacy of emotion are exceptional vehicles for stimulating memory and not allowing things to be forgotten.

4. Museum of the Holocaust in Buenos Aires. In 2018, Generations of the Shoah became part of the Museum of the Holocaust in Buenos Aires, combining forces and voluntary work. We contributed who we are and what we knew, the materials we produced and the presentations to schools and universities. We learn and we teach.     

Conversations with Survivors: The survivor Rudi Haymann is interviewed from Chile

     We were in dialogue with different groups. We formed the Argentine chapter of the International Alliance for the Memory of the Holocaust. With training sessions, testimonies, and with our survivors, we supported the March for Life. We participate in the Latin American Network for the Teaching of the Shoah.  We continue with the Cuadernos de la Shoá and Proyecto Aprendiz. This activity is in the process of reformulation, given that with the passage of time, we can no longer count on survivors to take part. We will encounter the situation of the children of the survivors like us with our own experience of having grown up with the scars left in our parents and also our grandchildren, now freer from the direct connection with the survivors, with a renewed capacity for questioning, investigation and memory.

In synthesis. During the Battle of Britain, Sir Winston Churchill referred to those who fought, saying that “never have so few done so much for so many.” We are like that squadron of the RAF, a handful of people, with small voices that as the Children of the Shoah, Generations of the Shoah and now from the Museum, grow and become louder, become strong and powerful in their persistence to keep alive the memory of the Shoah, generate consciousness so that the so wished for “Never again” will someday be so.

_________________________________________________

Memory in Action

Survivors of the Shoah and their descendants in a trajectory of reconstruction

Children of the Shoah. To tell of what was lived, to include it in the chain of family descendance, to understand it according to the specific context, to look at it again, to put it into a new perspective and to learn from one’s own experiences, all of this is what we are.  the survivors of the Shoah (Holocaust) and their descendants have found to be since the very moment in which we began to meet. Additionally, we learned from each other and we went on reconstructing our pasts with new pieces that responded to obscure questions. We learned useful lessons for the present and for the future. We began to meet regularly in 1997. We told our stories, and with surprise, we discovered how very similar were so many things we had believed  happened only to each one of us, and were, in fact, shared with the others.

     We began as the “Children of the Shoah,” because almost all of us had been very little at the end of the war. Some, including myself, though born a bit after that, saw that our stories also had points in  common. Those born after 1940 have almost no early memories and so their “memories” had to be investigated and reconstructed. Also, those of us who were born after the Shoah sought in our families’ past the links that we lacked to reconstruct the chain of connections to our parents and our grandparents. I often say that most important thing that happened to me in my life, happened before I was born. That “most Important thing” was that which unified us and what became an affectionate nest in which to find the keys that we lacked. We all had an intimate and personal relationship with the Shoah, and sharing it gave us a new sense of belonging. We felt like a family.

A Different Type of Institution. Clearly, we invented a way of doing things that was different from the usual procedures of local Jewish organizations. There was no difference between the Board of was Directors who thought about and made decisions and those who carried out what decided upon. Those of us who were members of the Board, were active in all other areas: we participated discussions, thought, signed checks about programs, and when it was necessary, took a broom and swept the floor. While we generated educational materials, we went down to open the door; while we invented innovative projects, we also made sure that there was no lack of coffee, tea, mate, sweetener and crackers. All volunteers, we all developed a very meaningful mission, we were in our home with our family.

Generations of the Shoah. In 2004, we set out on a great adventure, an international conference that we called “Facing the Future. In attendance were survivors, children, grandchildren, relatives, teachers, historians and cultural figures from several countries. This event strengthened our association. It was formalized and began to be known as the “Generations of the Shoah” in Argentina. “Generations” was a very unusual in the context of local Jewish organization, because it mainly consisted of women. The men who accompanied us were amazed that we were able to be talking about four things at the same time, not only what had to be done, but also the health of each one of us, whose daughter was pregnant or which grandson had done well at school or had a high fever the previous night.

       These were fertile meetings, with such a pleasant environment that it was enjoyable to be there. But we didn’t only create and distributed pedagogic materials, we also celebrated the holidays of our Jewish tradition, celebrated birthdays, gave support during unhappy events and were happy about our joys. . .we constituted an unexpected new affective web with close ties, perhaps a compensation for what some of us had lacked during our childhoods.

     We learned from our parents and survivors to transform the tragedy into a motive for living. We created a philosophy that valued life and gave it meaning, in the organization as well as in our own lives, recounting, almost with joy, who we were and what we had learned.

     We participated intensely in social networks, and we reacted strongly against the use of the Shoah for reasons that were not connected to it. Phrases like “Never again,” “Remember so not to  repeat,” “For the future generations” and so many others that we heard every day, brought us back again and again to explanations and demystifications. We permanently rectified false information. We fought against the banalization when Nazism, Hitler or Goebbels were mentioned as a common noun, which we took as an insult. We came out against statements that treated the facts lightly or superficially. We repudiated statements that distorted the facts, for they impeded making the making them known and the understanding of their content and scope. We protested against the spurious comparison of the Shoah with the politics of the State of Israel, pointing that what is now called Anti-Zionism is the same old Anti-Semitism in disguise.

     We created three project that would go beyond what we had accomplished so far: the Cuadernos de la Shoá (Notebooks of the Shoah) and Proyecto Aprendiz I y II (Project Aprendiz I and 2 (Project Apprendice I and II).

1.  Cuadernos de la Shoá. The Cuadernos are a publication directed at teachers who require an exhaustive pedagogical tool for teaching about the Holocaust. Each Cuaderno (there are now eight published and a nineth about to come out) deals with a specific theme: the rescuers, the children, the women, the resistance, the Shoah as part of the Second World War, the dehumanization, the outcomes, the genocides of the twentieth century. Each book is structured around three central concepts: the definition and explanation of the main ideas, the design of the book and graphic illustrations, the personal testimonies of survivors that transmit the human aspect of those involved.

To Live with Evil: Genocides of the Twentieth Century

2. – Project Apprentice I. Project Apprentice I was developed to assure that each one of the living survivor’s stories continue to be told in an oral and face-to-face way. The living testimony permits interaction and questioning and brings directly to each listener the emotion of someone who lived through it all. The idea is to train young adults to tell in the future, the history of a specific survivor. During three months of direct contact, each Apprentice gets to know, accompanies, converses with the survivor. This conversation treats not only the survivor’s experiences during the Shoah, but also her childhood, her old age, her ideals, her joys, her sorrows. The Apprentice receives and incorporates that story into his or her life and commits to retell it in the coming decades. There are now 150 Apprentices who now have this responsibility.

Project Apprentice II
La superviviente Lea Zajac (izquierda) y su aprendiz Darío Berlinerblau (derecha), en Buenos Aires

To tell of what was lived, to include it in the chain of family descendance, to understand it according to the specific context, to look at it again, to put it into a new perspective and to learn from one’s own experiences, all of this is what we are.  the survivors of the Shoah (Holocaust) and their descendants have found to be since the very moment in which we began to meet. Additionally, we learned from each other and we went on reconstructing our pasts with new pieces that responded to obscure questions. We learned useful lessons for the present and for the future. We began to meet regularly in 1997. We told our stories, and with surprise, we discovered how very similar were so many things we had believed  happened only to each one of us, and were, in fact, shared with the others.

3. Project Apprentice II. We created a second level to these activities. The Apprentices were trained to develop a short talk, up to twenty minutes in length, in which they described their experiences living along with a survivor and the ways in which their own lives were affected by it. Each talk was recorded on videos that were distributed through social media. These brief talks have a strong potential in education. After showing a video in a single class, there is time left to complement it with concepts, commentaries, questions and pedagogic activities that assure the understanding of what had been lived through.

The talks by these young adults have a strong effect on those who hear them. The anecdote, the living presence, the immediacy of emotion are exceptional vehicles for stimulating memory and not allowing things to be forgotten.

4. Museum of the Holocaust in Buenos Aires. In 2018, Generations of the Shoah became part of the Museum of the Holocaust in Buenos Aires, combining forces and voluntary work. We contributed who we are and what we knew, the materials we produced and the presentations to schools and universities. We learn and we teach.     

     We were in dialogue with different groups. We formed the Argentine chapter of the International Alliance for the Memory of the Holocaust. With training sessions, testimonies, and with our survivors, we supported the March for Life. We participate in the Latin American Network for the Teaching of the Shoah.  We continue with the Cuadernos de la Shoá and Proyecto Aprendiz. This activity is in the process of reformulation, given that with the passage of time, we can no longer count on survivors to take part. We will encounter the situation of the children of the survivors like us with our own experience of having grown up with the scars left in our parents and also our grandchildren, now freer from the direct connection with the survivors, with a renewed capacity for questioning, investigation and memory.

In synthesis. During the Battle of Britain, Sir Winston Churchill referred to those who fought, saying that “never have so few done so much for so many.” We are like that squadron of the RAF, a handful of people, with small voices that as the Children of the Shoah, Generations of the Shoah and now from the Museum, grow and become louder, become strong and powerful in their persistence to keep alive the memory of the Shoah, generate consciousness so that the so wished for “Never again” will someday be so.

______________________________________

Publicaciones de Diana Wang:

Muchos de estos libros están disponibles por Amazon y otras fuentes./Many of these books are available in Amazon or other sources.

Colaboraciones en publicaciones de otros autores:

2014 | Menachem Rosensaft (editor): God, Faith and Identity in the Ashes. Reflections of Children and Grandchildren of Holocaust Survivors. Chapter:The Holocaust and Jewish Identity. A dilemma. Jewish Lights Publishing, NY.

2012 | Ministerio de Justicia y DDHH: “La Shoá, los genocidios y crímenes de lesa humanidad: Enseñanzas para los juristas”. Ponencia: “¿Por qué recordar la Shoá en la Argentina?” en la sesión IV del simposio “La política de la memoria”. pág. 144. Versión en pdf

2007 | Eliahu Toker, Ana Weinstein: Nietos y abuelos. Un intenso vínculo. Ediciones Instituto Movilizador de Fondos Cooperativos. Buenos Aires. Caps: “Abuelas y frutillas“, pág. 27 y “La última frontera” pág. 30

2004 | Nélida Boulgourdjian-Toufeksian, Juan Carlos Toufeksian, Carlos Alemian (comp): Análisis de la prácticas genocidas. Actas del IV Encuentro sobre Genocidio. Fundación Siranoush y Boghos Arzoumanian, Buenos Aires. Capítulo Genocidio y memoria: “La segunda generación de sobrevivientes. Su lugar en el escenario del genocidio“, pág.203

2004 | Ricardo Feierstein, Stephen Sadow (comps): Recreando la cultura judeoargentina 2. Literatura y artes plásticas. Editorial Mila, Buenos Aires. “Victimización e identidad. Reflexiones serias a partir de textos humorísticos“, pág 280

2002| Cristina Godoy (comp): Historiografía y Memoria colectiva. Tiempos y territorios. Miño y Dávila, Buenos Aires. Cap:”El mal y su legitimación social“, pág 91.

2002 | Ricardo Feierstein, Stephen Sadow (comps): Recreando la cultura judeoargentina. 1894-2001, en el umbral del segundo siglo. Editorial Mila, Buenos Aires. Cap: “Lo judío en mi obra“, pág. 311

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Algunos libros de Diana Wang/Some of Diana Wang’s Books

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Más fotos/More Photos:

Cuadernos de la Shoá

Contacts/Contactos

World Federation of Jewish Survivors of the Holocaust info@holocaustchild.org 

Ángel Contín Cresto– Artista judío-venezolano/Venezuelan Jewish Artist — “Homenaje a los Víctimas del Holocausto”/ “Homage to the Victims of the Holocaust”

Ángel Contín Cresto

Ángel “Tuyo” Contín Cresto, artista nacido en 1951 en la ciudad de Coro. Desde finales del siglo pasado, lo suyo es una sola obsesión. Una tragedia universal, un genocidio sistemático. Para Contín es irrelevante que este episodio histórico cuya brutalidad lo impulsó, tras una larga meditación personal, a emprender una cruda interpretación a través de su arte, ocurriera mucho tiempo atrás, entre 1939 y 1945, en la etapa apocalíptica del llamado Tercer Reich. “Siempre pensé que no podía terminar el siglo XX sin que le rindiera un homenaje a estos seres humanos que vivieron el horror de un extermino sin precedentes en la historia”, confiesa el artista. Las primeras historias del Holocausto causaron una impresión indeleble en Contín en primer lugar de una forma visual, a través de desgarradoras imágenes recopiladas en varias publicaciones, un elemento que está claramente incorporado en varias piezas de esta colección. “Me impactaron mucho las fotografías reales del Holocausto, donde se puede observar las condiciones infrahumanas que sufrieron estas personas, un trato repugnante al ser humano”, explica. Una preocupación en particular lo impulsó para contribuir a mantener viva la memoria del exterminio judío: los llamados negadores del Holocausto,”la mayor y más persistente mentira de la historia”, subrayó Contín también quedó cautivado por las historias de artistas que se convirtieron en prisioneros del horror de la campaña de extermino nazi, a quienes particularmente dirige su homenaje. Por ejemplo, la historia del polaco Simon Pullmann, un extraordinario conductor de orquestas que quedó atrapado cuando visitaba el Gueto de Varsovia momentos antes que los alemanes invadieran Polonia, a fines de 1939. Se convirtió en el director de la Orquesta Sinfónica del Gueto hasta que murió, junto a todos sus compañeros músicos, entre ellos el joven violinista Ludwik Holcman, en el campo de concentración de Treblinka en 1944. También le impactaron las historias de Marysia Afzensztat, conocida como el “Ruiseñor del Gueto”, hija del director de la coral de la Sinagoga de Varsovia, asesinada durante el extermino nazi; la del director de Coro Infantil Israel Fajwiszys, ejecutado en el campo de concentración de Poniatowa, en Polonia; y la del artista plástico Félix Frydman, ejecutado en Treblinka, también  Contín dedicó una de las obras más simbólicas a otra notable víctima judía del Holocausto: La diarista alemana Ana Frank. “Ana Frank nos enriquece, nos enseña, nos lleva a la purificación del alma. Contín registra el testimonio de Helga Deen, una diarista alemana como Ana Frank que murió en el campo de concentración de Sobibor, Polonia. Deen dejó estas palabras: “Me siento tan única. Cada día vemos la libertad detrás de los alambres de espinos. Es demasiado. No puedo más y mañana, de nuevo. Pero quiero poder, quiero, porque si mi voluntad muere, muero también”.

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Ángel Contín Cresto, artist born in 1951 in the city of Coro. Since the end of the last century, hers has been a single obsession. A universal tragedy, a systematic genocide. For Contín, it is irrelevant that this historical episode whose brutality prompted him, after a long personal meditation, to undertake a crude interpretation through his art, occurred a long time ago, between 1939 and 1945, in the apocalyptic stage of the so-called Third Reich. “I always thought that the 20th century could not end without paying homage to these human beings who lived through the horror of an extermination without precedent in history”, confesses the artist. The early Holocaust stories made an indelible impression on Contín in the first place in a visual way, through harrowing images collected in various publications, an element that is clearly incorporated in several pieces of this collection, through heartbreaking images collected in various publications, an element that is clearly incorporated in several pieces of this collection. ZZZZZ subhuman conditions that these people suffered, a disgusting treatment of human beings, ”he explains. One concern in particular prompted him to help keep the memory of Jewish extermination alive: the so-called Holocaust deniers, “the biggest and most persistent lie in history,” Contín stressed. He was also captivated by the stories of artists who became prisoners. of the horror of the Nazi extermination campaign, to whom he particularly addresses his tribute. For example, the story of the Polish conductor Simon Pullmann, an extraordinary conductor of orchestras who was trapped when visiting the Warsaw Ghetto just before the Germans invaded Poland in late 1939. He became the conductor of the Ghetto Symphony Orchestra until He died, along with all his fellow musicians, including the young violinist Ludwik Holcman, in the Treblinka concentration camp in 1944. He was also struck by the stories of Marysia Afzensztat, known as the “Nightingale of the Ghetto”, daughter of the director of the Warsaw Synagogue choir, murdered during the Nazi extermination; that of the director of the Israel Fajwiszys Children’s Choir, executed in the Poniatowa concentration camp, in Poland; and that of the plastic artist Félix Frydman, executed in Treblinka, Contín also dedicated one of the most symbolic works to another notable Jewish victim of the Holocaust: the German diarist Anne Frank. “Anne Frank enriches us, teaches us, leads us to purification of the soul. Contín records the testimony of Helga Deen, a German diarist like Anne Frank who died in the Sobibor concentration camp, Poland. Deen left these words: “I feel so unique. Every day we see freedom behind barbed wire. It’s too much. I can’t take it anymore and tomorrow again. But I want power, I want to, because if my will dies, I die too ”.

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“Homenaje a los víctimas del Holocausto”/ “Homage to the Victims of the Holocaust”

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Las obras de arte estãn en Miami y están disponible para exhibir. Contacte a este blog./The artworks are in Miami and are available to be exhibited. Contact this blog.

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Marjorie Agosín — Poeta y escritora judío-chilena-norteamericana/ Chilean American Jewish Poet and Writer/Samuel Shats — Fotógrafo judío-chileno/Chilean Jewish Photographer — “Memorias trenzadas”/”Braided Memories”

Marjorie Agosín

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. . . Alison Ridley

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. . . Alison Ridley.
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Helene Halpern

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Memorias trenzadas/Braided Memories

Amazon.uk
https://www.amazon.co.uk/Braided-Memories-Marjorie-Agos%C3%ADn/dp/1910146382/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&keywords=9781910146385&qid=1592393637&sr=8-1

https://www.bookdepository.com/Braided-Memories-Marjorie-Agosin-Alison-Ridley-Samuel-Shats/9781910146385 – /Entrega por todo el mundo/Delivery Worldwide

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La poeta

Marjorie Agosín nació en Chile en 1955. Comenzó a escribir poesía cuando era niña, y luego de que su familia se mudó a Atenas, Georgia, en 1969, continuó escribiendo poemas en español. Recibió una licenciatura de la Universidad de Georgia y una maestría y un doctorado de la Universidad de Indiana. Agosín es autor de numerosas colecciones de poesía, entre ellas En el umbral de la memoria: poemas nuevos y seleccionados (White Pine Press, 2003); Toward the Splendid City (Prensa Bilingüe / Editorial Bilingüe, 1994), ganadora del Premio de Literatura Latina 1995; y Sargasso (White Pine Press, 1993). Agosín, que escribe principalmente en español, invoca con frecuencia temas de desplazamiento e inmigración en su poesía. En una entrevista con Blackbird, ella dice: “Siento que no pertenezco. Me siento un extraño, lo cual es muy bueno para un poeta, sentirse un extraño”. Agosín es también autor de varias obras en prosa, entre ellas A Cross and a Star: Memoirs of a Jewish Girl in Chile (University of New Mexico Press, 1995) y I Lived on Butterfly Hill (Atheneum Books, 2015), ganadora del premio 2015 Premio Internacional del Libro Latino en ficción para adultos jóvenes.nActivista de derechos humanos, Agosín es conocida por su trabajo en la promoción de la justicia social y el feminismo. En 1998, recibió un Premio al Liderazgo de las Naciones Unidas en Derechos Humanos, y en 2002, el gobierno de Chile le otorgó el Premio Gabriela Mistral por logros en la vida. Galardonado con el prestigioso premio español Letras de Oro. Agosín es profesor de español en Wellesley College. Vive en Wellesley, Massachusetts.

The poet

Marjorie Agosín was born in Chile in 1955. She began writing poetry as a child, and after her family moved to Athens, Georgia in 1969, she continued to write poems in Spanish. He received a BA from the University of Georgia and an MA and Ph.D. from Indiana University.nAgosín is the author of numerous collections of poetry, among them On the Threshold of Memory: New and Selected Poems (White Pine Press, 2003); Toward the Splendid City (Prensa Bilingüe / Editorial Bilingüe, 1994), winner of the 1995 Latin Literature Award; and Sargasso (White Pine Press, 1993). In an interview with Blackbird, she says: “I feel like I don’t belong. I feel like a stranger, which is very good for a poet, to feel like a stranger.” Agosín is also the author of several prose works, including A Cross and a Star: Memoirs of a Jewish Girl in Chile (University of New Mexico Press, 1995) and I Lived on Butterfly Hill (Atheneum Books, 2015), winner of the award 2015 International Latin Book Award in fiction for young adults. A human rights activist, Agosín is known for her work promoting social justice and feminism. In 1998, he received a United Nations Leadership Award in Human Rights, and in 2002, the Chilean government awarded him the Gabriela Mistral Award for achievements in life. Recipient of the prestigious Letras de Oro Spanish award, Agosín is a Spanish professor at Wellesley College. She lives in Wellesley, Massachusetts.

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El fotográfo

Samuel Shats nació en Santiago, Chile y tiene un doctorado en ingeniería de la Universidad de Tel Aviv. Trabajó como docente, investigador y emprendedor antes de dedicarse a la fotografía. Su carrera fotográfica comenzó en 1969 cuando ingresó al Cine Club de Fotografía de Chile, institución que presidió de 1994 a 1996. En 1983 comenzó a desarrollar sus proyectos fotográficos personales. Ha expuesto en más de 17 exposiciones individuales y 30 exposiciones colectivas en Chile, Israel, Argentina, Brasil y Estados Unidos. Además de su actividad creativa ha sido juez, comisario y docente y ha dirigido un taller de creación fotográfica durante años.

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The Photograph

The Photographer

Samuel Shats was born in Santiago, Chile, and holds an Engineering PhD from Tel Aviv University. He worked as a teacher, researcher, and entrepreneur before dedicating himself to photography. His photographic career began in 1969 when he joined the Chilean Photo Cine Club, an institution he chaired from 1994 to 1996. In 1983 he began to develop his personal photographic projects. He has exhibited in more than 17 individual exhibitions and 30 group exhibitions in Chile, Israel, Argentina, Brazil and the United States. In addition to his creative activity he has been a judge, curator and teacher and has directed a photographic creation workshop for years.

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La traductora

Alison Ridley llegó a Hollins University en 1991 después de completar su doctorado.en la Universidad Estatal de Michigan. Los intereses de investigación del profesor Ridley incluyen la picaresca española y el drama español del siglo XX. Ha publicado artículos sobre el dramaturgo español Antonio Buero Vallejo y la novela picaresca Guzmán de Alfarache. También ha presentado ponencias en congresos nacionales e internacionales.

_________________________________________________________________________

The translator

Alison Ridley came to Hollins in 1991 after completing her Ph.D. at Michigan State University. Professor Ridley’s research interests include Spanish picaresque and 20th century Spanish drama. He has published articles on the Spanish playwright Antonio Buero Vallejo and the picaresque novel Guzmán de Alfarache. He has also presented papers at national and international conferences.

_______________________________________________________________________

Algunos libros de Marjorie Agosín/Some of Marjorie Agosín’s Books

______________________________________________________________________________________

Juana Ciesler (1941-2014) — Poeta judío-argentina/Argentine Jewish Poet — “Javá” — Poemas de melancolîa y esperanza/Poems of Melancholy and Hope

Ciesker
Juana Ciesler

____________________________________________________________________

Juana Ciesler, argentina, fue licenciada en Ciencias Químicas por la Universidad de Buenos Aires y poeta. Cursó estudios en literatura en la UBA y de música en el Conservatorio Municipal Manuel de Falla. Ha publicado los libros: De ufos a veredas (1966), O fuego en los Palacios de Agua (1969), La Misión de las Máscaras (1982), Celeste y Negra (1989), Tulipanes en la Cabeza (1986), Los sueños de ADN (1999), y Canción de la Tierra (2001), La Sexta Década, Milá, 2006. Participó en muchas antologías.

________________________________________

Juana Ciesler from Argentina, has a degree in Chemical Sciences from the University of Buenos Aires and was a poet. She studied literature at the UBA and music at the Municipal Conservatory Manuel de Falla. She has published the books: From De ufos a veredas(1966),  (1969), O fuego en los Palacios de Agua (1969), La Misión de las Máscaras (1982), Celeste y Negra (1989), Tulipanes en la Cabeza (1986), Los sueños de ADN (1999), y Canción de la Tierra (2001) La Sexta Década, Milá, 2006. She has participated in many anthologies.

________________________________________

Juana Ciesler trabaja con palabras que no están dispuestas trabajar en las condiciones que otros las ponemos. Eso demuestra el esplendor de su oficio. Una alquimia que pretende pasar por alquimia.

Luis Chiarroni

________________________________________

Juana Ciesler works with words that are not ready to work in the conditions that others put them. That demonstrates the splendor of her trade. An alquemy that intends to be make gold.

Luis Chiarroni

___________________________________________________________________________________________

“Grito en el vacío”

Grito en el vacío

Pregono lo negro

Y lentamente, detrás

Busco, delante lo celeste.

Hablo la nada

Deseo el infinito

_________________

“I Shout into the Void”

I shout into the void

I proclaim the black

And slowly, I search

behind me, heaven in front.

I speak the nothingness

I long for the infinite

__________________

“El hermano Dzalman”

a Buma o Sasha, que amaba este poema

Pudo no haber soñado.

Por primera vez, 34 años han transcurrido,

volvió  “ver” al hermano Dzalman,

cofre de espectros o visitantes nocturnos

en el juego de un hombre actuando en pocos cm3

[de cerebro]

subyacente al teorema de las dimensiones.

Pudo no haber nunca salido de su

patria tumba tierra.

La anécdota otorgóle muerte

en un fusilamiento en los lindes del bosque

El último día de la guerra, no sin

antes “oír” el último grito de cada uno

de sus tres hijos, de quién le dio los hijos;

el hermano volvía en un crepúsculo castaño

“hace mucho te espero has tardado”

El peso de la mano sobre el hombro

Cubierto por el vestido blanco ausente

Cuando el hermoso atleta deposara a la huérfana

Hermano del único hermano en tierras lejanas

Oriente no

América no

los últimos hermanos en lejana tierra polaca

alguna vez lituana, otra bolchevique

de espaldas de un alba ocre se alejan

largamente por el sendero.

La añeja abuela, joven huésped de las ondas 

[inodoras

del chal ensangrentado, prende ahora,

de alguna manera sobre el roble,

Abandonada infante vuelve para reconocerla

Se interrogan; en algún aleteo abstracto

dos manos muy distintas acarician al hermano

[Dzalman.

Difícil saber cuántos años transcurren

para una luz diminuta que persiste.

_____________________

“His Brother Zalman”

Either Buma or Sasha who loved this poem

He could not have dreamed it.

For the first time, 34 years had gone by,

He turned “to see” his brother Zalman,

receptacle of ghosts or nocturnal visitors

in the play of a man acting inside a few 3 cm of cerebrum

underlying the theorem of dimensions.

He could never have emerged from his

homeland tomb earth.

The story awarded him death

in a fusillade at the edge of the forest

on the last day of the war, not 

Before “hearing” the last cry of each one

of his three children, of her who had given him the children:

the brother returned in a dusk of chestnuts

“I have been waiting for you a long time you are late”

the heaviness of the hand on his shoulder

covered by the absence of a white shroud 

when the handsome athlete might have married the orphaned

sister of the only brother in far-off lands

The East no

America no

The last remaining brothers in the far-off Polish land

Once Lithuanian, another time Bolshevik

turn their backs on an ochre dawn go away

far along the path.

The aged grandmother, young guest of the odorless waves

of the bloodied shawl, now, somehow

holds on to the oak

Abandoned child returns to recognize her

They question each other; with some abstract fluttering

two very distinct hands stroke brother Zalman.

It’s hard to know how many years go by

For a diminutive light that lingers.

____________________

“Interiores” 

Caminabas vos la sombra y yo

Cuando vi junto el foco del árbol

henchida de primavera una sola

sombra,

supe que vos caminabas en mí

más no conmigo

___________________________

“Interiors”

You were walking the shadow and I

When nearby  I saw the heart of the tree

swollen with spring a single

shadow,

I knew that you were walking in me

but not with me.

_____________________

“No cantes la muerte”

des de- a – Leo Ferré

no cantes la muerte

aún en las dulces ceremonias de los Thiasoi

coronando guirnaldas

o en el pecho partido del infinito

en el alma destrozada del delirio

en los fuegos dorados que en los dioses nos convertían

En las catacumbas del tiempo sabio

donde la refracción hace color

donde una mano hace color

donde lloramos y lloraron y lloremos

donde pudren y convidan las habitantes del dolor

donde callamos y no cuajamos y tentamos

en la gran tensión de lo perfecto

el vientre bolita

los huesos desterrados del asilo

donde todos se abandonaron

pro no si no tú mismo ( o un dios?)

Poseerás—porque nada querrás más que Ser al hombre

en el llanto seis meses en del zanjón, las ratas,

el cielo inverso

donde el puro soñador buceó al otro reino

do la gitana espació pan cuando la siena manaba

sangre y el hombre ángel su amor 

donde acabar la vida

detrás del tiempo suspiro

en el negro estertor

blanca cuchilla

Donde callan las muchedumbres,

donde el repulsivo poder oprime y

la puerta no se encuentra

entre los venenos de la tentativa

    “         “   “ externos

Junto al pleno animal

en la enjundiosa sombra

en las fosfatadas arcadas

en los jardines donde –yacen—los muertos

en la sucia injusticia

el anillo melancólico

en la savia alumbrante

en la dorada luna, en las

ceremonias de la vida

en la cárcel donde ahogan

en los hospitales donde sufrimos, en toda revolución, en toda pesadumbre, en el arco pajaril; la inquietud del océano; en la ausencia lacerante, en la desesperanza, la asfixia, el horizonte, la catedral de la historia, la iglesia de una sola palabra, en el monte o en el desierto, en el espejismo animado, en los blancos cabellos del terror, en la roja explosión de lo que ha de ser, en ti misma, en la perfección de la raíz cuadrada, entre los extraños cuantum como en la constancia del latido en la calle abandonada de yuyus, en la vieja aldea del bosque, la irridación; en vos alto cóndor, alta piedra, alto humano,

no cantes la muerte,

en la penitenciaria, la horca, la cruz, la garra en las vísceras

no cantes de la muerte

Se canta. Sola se canta en lo que Es

Vida, sagrada vida con la muerte estallando

(su tu aullido)

So puedes cántalo en posesión, en armonía

Del dolor, de la pestilencia, de la negra pareja

de los pies rugosos

de la lámpara que mitiga

del hermoso Leonardo, del Einstein

no cantes la muerte

_______________________________

“don’t sing of death”

from – of -to – Leo Ferré

even in the sweet ceremonies of Thiasol

garlanded with flowers

or in the bosom detached from the infinite

in the soul destroyed by delirium

in the golden fires in which the gods transformed us

In the catacombs of wise time

where refraction creates color

where a hand creates color

where we wept and they wept and we shall weep

where the dwellers in pain decay and appeal

where we call for silence and we do not congeal and we risk

in great tension toward the perfect

in the small ball of belly

the exiled bones of refuge

where all were abandoned

but not if not yourself (or a god?)

You will possess — because you will never want more than Being the man

In the sobbing six months of the underworld, the rats,

the inverted sky

where the pure dreamer plumbed the other kingdom

the Gypsy woman divided bread when her temple throbbed

blood and the man angel her love

where ending life

behind the tender sigh

in the black death-rattle

white knife

Where the hosts go quiet, where the ugly power oppresses and 

the door cannot be found

among the venoms  of the tentative

   “         “   “ of the extremes        

beside the entire animal

in its substantial shadow

In the phosphate arcades

In the gardens where — lie — the dead

In foul injustice

the melancholy circlet

in the resin illuminated

by the golden moon, in the

ceremonies of life

in the jail where they drown 

in hospitals where we suffer, in every revolution, in every bereavement, in the avian arch; the restlessness of 

of the ocean; in the lacerating absence, in the desperation, the asphyxia, the horizon, the cathedral of history, the church of a single word, in the mountain or in the desert, in the animated mirage, in the white hairs of terror, in the red explosion of what ought to be, in yourself, in the perfection of the square root, among the strange quanta like the constant flagellation in the street grown over with weeds, in the old village of the forest, irradiation; in you lofty condor, lofty stone, lofty cinder, lofty human,

don’t sing of death

in prison, on the gallows, on the cross, the claw in your viscera

don’t sing of death

Sing. Sing only what Is

Life,  sacred life with death exploding

(howling yours and its)

If you can sing in possession, in harmony

with pain, with pestilence, with the black pair 

of roughened feet

with the lamp that soothes

with handsome Leonardo, with angel Einstein

don’t sing of death

________________________________________________

Toma un guante y entíbialo

toma mi corazón y hazlo

________________________

Take a glove and warm it

take my heart and form it

____________________________________________________________ 

Donde la esmeralda tiene su dolor,

alguien encuentra una buena luz.

El dolor de la isla

lleva su nombre:

Sólo otra esmeralda sabe leerlo

_________________________________________

Where the emerald holds onto its pain,

someone finds a fine light.

The pain of the island

carries its name.

Only another emerald knows how to read it

Translation from the Spanish by Stephen A. Sadow and J. Kates

_________________________________________________________________________

Poemas de/Poems from; Juana Ciesler. Javá: Breve antología poética. Buenos Aires: Editorial Milá, 2004.

 

David Preiss — Poeta y psicólogo judío-chileno/Chilean Jewish Poet and Psychologist — Sabática”, “Jerusalem” y otros poemas/ Sabática,” “Jerusalem”and Other Poems

121EE841-3732-441E-B9F2-9E89BE210135
David Preiss

________________________________________________________________

David Preiss (Santiago, 1973) es autor de los libros de poemas Señor del vértigo, Y demora el alba, Oscuro mediodía y Bocado así como de Retrato en movimiento, antología preparada por el autor de su trabajo literario. Realizó su doctorado en Psicología en Yale University. Es Profesor Titular de la Escuela de Psicología de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, donde realiza investigación sobre psicología de la escritura y psicología de la creatividad.

El crītico Roberto Onell indicó: “Preiss integra el conjunto de poetas, jóvenes en los 90, que comenzaron con una poesía vuelta sobre sí misma, con renovado lirismo y reflexión. Así, la tópica dictadura chilena quedó relativamente suspendida ante esta reconcentración del discurrir poético. En un diálogo expectante, este gesto era una indagación en las fuentes, a ver si era posible -significativo- seguir haciendo poesía. Y precisamente esta discontinuidad en la abominación dio señal de la gravedad de las lesiones autoritarias; montar la máquina del contraataque hubiera evidenciado una agilidad aún en pie. Soslayar Señor del vértigo en la reinauguración democrática es esquivar un horizonte donde comprender ya no solo el terror nacionalsocialista, sino todo el humano sufrimiento ocasionado por manos humanas. Señor del vértigo es el luto que nos abisma con nosotros mismos.” (Revista de Libros de El Mercurio, Santiago, 3 de Enero de 2016)

_____________________________________________________

David Preiss (Santiago, 1973) is the author of the book of poems Señor del vértigo, Y demora el alba, Oscuro mediodía y Bocado as well as Retrato en movimiento, an anthology prepared by the author of his literary work. He completed his PhD. in Psychology at Yale University. He is a Full Professor in the School of Psychology of the Pontíficia Universidad Católica de Chile, where he conducts research on the psychology of writing and the psychology of creativity.

According to the critic Roberto Onell, “Preiss is one of the group of poets, young people in the 90s, who began with a poetry turned on itself, with renewed lyricism and reflection.” Thus, the topic of the  Chilean dictatorship was, for the most part, suspended. In the face of this reconcentration of the poetic discourse, in an expectant dialogue, this effort was an inquiry into the sources, to see if it was possible -significant- to continue making poetry, and precisely this discontinuity with the abominations committed by the government signaled the seriousness of the authoritarian injustices; a counterattack would have shown an ongoing poetic flexibility. To ignore Lord of the vertigo as part of the democratic reopening is to avoid a horizon in which to understand not only the National Socialist terror, but all the human suffering caused by human hands Lord of the vertigo is the mourning the abysms within  ourselves (Book Review of El Mercurio, Santiago, January 3, 2016)


Poesía de David Preiss/Poetry by David Preiss

___________________________________

SABÁTICA

¿En qué jornada el día se renueva?

¿Qué día cae el día sobre ti?

El tiempo ha de pasar: palabras

que los seres queridos dejan en la mesa:

pan, sal, vino.

El fuego acerca a Dios; aleja al forastero.

El Shabat ocupa las esquinas del altar.

-Tú, ¿por qué no te arrimas a recoger tu bendición?

Inclinan la cabeza.

Caen ante su fantástico dominio.

Aquel que teme a Dios no hace apuestas sobre el tiempo.

Nada le faltará, salvo la memoria.

Ésta es la mesa de los justos, donde nunca falta el alimento.

Las oraciones han caído ante la mesa.

Él toma una solamente.

Masca en el silencio.

__________________________________________

SHABBAT

On which working day does the day renew itself?

Which day does the day fall onto you?

Time has to pass: words

in which the loved ones leave on the table:

Bread, salt, wine.

Fire near God; the stranger moves away.

Shabbat occupies the corners of the altar.

“You, why don’t you move nearer to receive your blessing?”

They bow their heads.

They fall before His formidable dominion.

That one who fears God doesn’t make wagers on time.

Nothing will be lacking to him, except memory.

This is the table of the just, where food is ever present.

The prayers have fallen on the table.

HE takes only one.

HE chews in silence.

________________________________________ 

JERUSALEM

Nunca se desvistió Jerusalem, siempre visité los brazos de sus

calles,

arrugadas,

elementales,

hundidas en la piedra;

siempre estuve en sus santuarios y bebí del sabor profano

de sus vísperas, siempre uní mi licor a sus mujeres,

nunca dejé atrás a sus umbrales, no partieron mis abuelos

ni los abuelos de mis abuelos en el largo clavel de las

generaciones.

He cruzado el mundo sin dejar Jerusalem.

He desperdigado mi alma como una semilla bondadosa.

He amado en tierra extraña.

He besado mis labios con un carbón encendido

y todavía no enmudezco.

Mis pies se quedaron en la piedra y mis pasos rodean el mundo

como a una laguna sin saciar su sed.

Volverán a Jerusalem sin haber salido de sus puertas:

no tendrá luto mi corazón: serafines y centinelas celan su alegría

como a un mineral sagrado y escondido.

Sólo el mar implorará por visitar Jerusalem.

Por tocar la fragancia de su piedra.

_________________________________________

JERUSALEM

Jerusalem never unclothed, I always visited the arms of its

streets,

wrinkled,

elemental,

sunken in the rock;

I was always in its sanctuaries and I drank of the profound flavor

of its yesterdays; I always shared my liquor with its women,

I never left behind its thresholds, my grandparents or the

grandparents did not leave the long carnation of the generations.

I have crossed the world without leaving Jerusalem behind.

I have scattered my soul as a good-natured seed.

I have loved in strange land.

I have kissed my lips on a burning coal

and I am still mute.

My feet stayed on the rock, and my steps circle the world

as at a pond without satiating their thirst.

They will return to Jerusalem without having left its doors:

there will be no grief in my heart: angels and sentinels ensure its joy,

like sacred and hidden mineral.

Only the sea will beg to visit Jerusalem.

To touch the fragrance of its stone.

_______________________________________

 Y AL POLVO VOLVERÁS

(Sobre Majdanek)

¿Qué hay, Dios mío, más allá de la chimenea que se estira?

¿Homero al decir de Sócrates?

¿El polvo para darle a mis huesos trocados en ceniza?

¿Dios como la bruma?

Devuelve mi polvo, oh Señor del polvo,

antes del intacto blanco de mis huesos,

no quiero rasgarme en las ramas de Polonia,

no quiero este vértigo sin tumba, sin rocío

allá sobre la tierra,

no quiero desafiar al eco y crecer en su distancia hasta vaciarme,

oh Señor del vértigo,

amenazo con anudarme en una estrella, demorar la llegada de la

tarde

y persistir en plena luz del día tristemente intacto.

¿Quién pudiera recoger el crepúsculo de mis pies?

__________________________________

AND YOU WILL RETURN TO DUST

(About Majdanek)

What’s that, dear God, beyond the chimney that shoots up?

Homer on speaking to Socrates?

The dust to give to it my truncated bones in ash?

God as the haze?

Return my dust, oh Lord of dust

before the intact whiteness of my bones,

I don’t want to scratch myself on the branches of Poland.

I don’t want this vertigo without a tomb, without dew

on the ground.

I don’t want to challenge the echo and to grow in its distance until I am empty

Oh, Lord of vértigo,

I threaten to tie myself to a star,  delay the arrival of the

evening

and persist in the full light of day sadly intact.

Who could collect the twilight of my feet?

                                              de Señor del vértigo

___________________________________

EL HIJO DEL PACTO

Yo no escogí este pacto.

Pero su memoria empieza

el día que mi padre

en convenio con mi madre

se deciden a marcarme

con una herida transparente

en la mitad de la ciudad

sitiada por los tanques:

es el año 1973

y tú serás un judío latino-

americano, un oxímoron

que ama y que respira,

hablarás una lengua

que no es tuya, habitarás

una patria provisoria,

serás un extranjero

entre los tuyos;

te odiarán y te amarán.

Mi memoria escapa, vuela

y se detiene

en San Cristóbal, Venezuela;

se establece lentamente

en improvisadas sinagogas

donde un minian de judíos olvidados

celebraba los días temibles

en los Andes tropicales:
el cantor

pedía perdón por las faltas

que cometimos y que no cometimos

en un idioma traído de los ghettos

mientras los niños escapaban

de la muerte y de su voz

explorando los imaginarios áticos

de un futuro inexplorado.

Cual pequeños Ulises,

desafiaban imaginarias sirenas,

muy lejos de su dios.

En vez de ese antiguo hebreo

mi memoria aprende castellano

con el silabario hispano-

americano y lee las postales

que llegaban desde el Maule

o de un Santiago siempre gris:

Era la letra de mi abuela

encomendándome al mesías

ya negado por mis padres,

despachando con sus cruces invisibles

las fotos de altas cumbres, mares fríos,

la nieve que mi infancia imaginaba

en el medio de los trópicos, los puertos

o las plazas de provincia con niños

y palomas y chinchineros,

imágenes

de un país sin rostro,

donde sucedían cosas

que mi abuela no contaba

y que entraban y salían

de las pesadillas de mi padre

y de mi madre como el viento

entra y sale de una casa abandonada

repentinamente por sus huéspedes.

En San Cristóbal, mi memoria se topa

con las chanzas sobre Chile

de los compañeros de colegio

que odio todavía -qué feo ese país

donde las montañas caen sobre el mar:

contra ellos, mi memoria colecciona

figuritas de greda y artesanías de cobre

y bordados tejidos por las mujeres de Chile,

y banderitas, muchas banderitas,

y escucha a mis padres hablar de volver,

cuando volver.

Pero mi memoria se aleja más

de mi patria imaginaria

y cruza el Williamsburg Bridge

en un subway pintado con grafitis

-un tren, siempre el sonido del riel-

junto a judíos, negros y latinos,

rumbo a Brooklyn

entre las voces del húmedo verano

y el incomprensiblemente familiar

sonido del yiddish:

en los departamentos de la City

se encuentra

con las manos de la babe

enterradas en la harina

de jalot de tamaños gigantescos

mientras el tzaide bromea

y canta con mi padre

viejas melodías traídas desde una Europa

ya sacrificada

sobre manteles plásticos manchados

con vino Manischewitz y con esperma

de las velas que como las vidas de los mártires

nunca acaban de extinguirse

y no podemos apagar en un suspiro:

es el mismo fuego

con que he marcado y encendido

a la espalda de cada Navidad

ocho veces cada vez

la fiesta de las luces

mientras dejo en mi ventana

contra el verano del sur inhóspito

un viejo candelabro.

Mi memoria sube y baja de modelos

de aviones olvidados, bólidos del cielo

que el siglo veinte ha devorado,

y se queda para siempre,

de regreso en el centro de Santiago,

–Serrano,

esquina de Tarapacá-

en un lugar entre el cielo y el suelo

caminando hacia el altar,

cargando la Torá,

-cómo pesaban sus palabras en mis brazos-

bajo los vitrales encendidos

por la luz primaveral

de la Gran Sinagoga

del Círculo Israelita de Santiago

donde restablece su pacto y su memoria

ante unos cuantos sobrevivientes

que no podían olvidar:

era el uno de noviembre, día

de los muertos -mil novecientos

ochenta y seis- mientras afuera

seguían matando

trece años también.

  A mis padres

Inédito

________________________

SON OF THE PACT

“Son Of the Pact”

I didn’t choose this pact.

But its memory begins

the day when my father

in agreement with my mother

decided to mark me

with a transparent wound

in the middle of the city

besieged by the tanks.

It is 1973. You

will be a Latin-American

Jew, an oxymoron

that loves and breathes,

you will speak a language

that is not yours, you will inhabit

a transitory homeland,

you will be a stranger

among your own:

they will hate and they will love you.

My memory runs away,

flies and stops

in San Cristobal, Venezuela;

it slowly settles

in improvised synagogues

where a minyan

of forgotten Jews

celebrated the Days of Awe

in the tropical Andes.

The chazzan asked forgiveness for the sins

that we committed and that we didn’t commit

in a language brought from the ghettos

while the children escaped

from death and from his voice

exploring attics

in an uncharted future:

as little Ulysses,

they challenged imaginary sirens,

far away from his god.

Instead of that ancient Hebrew

my memory learns Spanish

with the Hispanic-

American ABC and reads the postcards

arriving from Maule

or from an always grim Santiago:

it was my grandma’s handwriting

entrusting me to the Messiah

already denied by my parents,

dispatching with its invisible crosses

the pictures of high peaks, cold seas,

the snow that my childhood imagined

in the middle of the tropics,

the ports and the rural plazas

with children and doves

and chinchinero drummers, images

of a faceless country

where things were happening

that my grandma didn’t share

and that entered and exited

the nightmares of my father

and my mother as the wind

enters and exits

a house whose

guests

suddenly withdrew.

In San Cristobal, my memory runs into

the jokes about Chile

made by my schoolmates

–-how ugly that country was,

its mountains falling

into the sea.

Against them, my memory collects

clay figurines and copper crafts

and embroidery woven by the women of Chile,

and little flags, lots of little flags,

and listens to my parents

talk about returning, when to return.

But my memory moves away

from my imaginary homeland

and crosses the Williamsburg Bridge

in a subway train covered with graffiti

–a train, always the sound of the rail–

along with Jews, Blacks and Latinos,

heading to Brooklyn

among the humid summer voices

and incomprehensibly familiar

Yiddish sounds.

In the apartments of the city

it finds

my bubbe’s hands

buried in the flour

of gigantic Challas

while my tzaide jokes

and sings with my father

old melodies

carried from a Europe

already sacrificed

over plastic tablecloths

stained with Manischewitz wine

and wax from the candles

that like the martyrs’ lives

never end extinguishing

and we can’t blow out with just a sigh:

it’s the same fire

I have used to mark and to celebrate

behind every Christmas

eight times each time

the Festival of Lights

while I leave in my window

against the southern summer

an old candelabra.

My memory goes up and down

from forgotten planes,

sky racers that the twentieth century

has devoured, and it stays

forever in return

walking towards the altar

between heaven and earth,

carrying the Torah,

–how its heavy

words weighed

on my arms–

under the stained glass

illuminated

by the spring light

in the Great Synagogue of the Israelite

Circle of Santiago

–Serrano and Tarapaca–

where it renews its pact

in front of a few survivors

that could never forget: it was

the first of November, Day

of the Dead — Nineteen

eighty-six — while outside

they were killing

for thirteen years as well.

                                                                                                                             To my parents

–Trans. by Stephen A. Sadow with David Preiss.

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Homenaje a Erica Blumgrund (1924-2016) — Sobreviviente de la Shoá y poeta y artista plástica judío-checo-argentina/Holocaust survivor and Czech-Argentine-Jewish Poet and Artist

 

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                           Erika Blumgrund

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Erika Blumgrund (1924-2016), nacida en 1924 en Brataslava. Sobreviviente de Therisienstadt, vivió desde 1958 en Argentina. Durante muchos años fue la editora del Seminario Israelita (al principio, Judische Wochenshau). Además de su trabajo periodístico, Blumgrund, que había crecido en cuatro idiomas, escribió poemas y textos en prosa traducidos del español al alemán. Sus obras incluyen Acordes (1993) y La corriente de la vida hacia su desembocadura incontenible fluye (1995), el volumen de poesía Eso fue todo (2009) traducido al español por Jorge Hacker, y el libro Por los Peldaños de la vida; diarios íntimos de una adolescente judía esclava: 1938-1941 (2010). También fue pintora destacada de óleos.

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Erika Blumgrund, (1924-2016) was born 1924 in Bratslava. Survivor of Therisienstadt, lived since 1958 in Argentina. For many years she was the editor of the Seminario Israelita (at first, Judische Wochenshau). In addition to her journalistic work, Blumgrund, who had grown up in four languages, wrote poems and prose texts translated from Spanish into German. Her works include Acordes (1993) and La corriente de la vida hacia su desembocadura incontenible fluye (1995), the volume of poetry Eso fue todo (2009) translated into Spanish by Jorge Hacker, and the book Por los peldaños de la vida; diarios íntimos de una adolescente judía esclava: 1938-1941 (2010). She was also an outstanding painter of oil paintings.

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Una descripción Erika Blumgrund por un conocido: Tiene más de 80 años, habla seis idiomas, todavía da clases de gimnasia y está estudiando italiano para traducir su propia obra al italiano. Hay un poema en donde ella dice que le agradece a la vida haber podido sobrevivir, reencontrarse con su novio de los 14 años, haberse casado, sus hijos, sus nietos, su profesión y todo, pero que no duerme, ella no duerme porque le resuena permanentemente en la cabeza el ruido del tren de la muerte”

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A description Erika Blumgrund by an acquaintance: “She is over 80 years old, speaks six languages, still teaches gymnastics and is studying Italian to translate her own work into Italian. There is a poem where she says she thanks her. to life have been able to survive, reunite with her boyfriend of 14 years, have married, their children, their grandchildren, their profession and everything, but that does not sleep, she does not sleep because it resounds permanently in the head the noise of the train of death”

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Obras de Erica Blumgrund

Poesía/Poetry 

 

Estigma

Creí que la sangre ya no brotar

de las viejas herida.

Pensé que la primavera

haría olvidar los inviernos,

que los trenes

no traería el recuerdo de otros trenes. . .

Esperé que los cerros,

el mar, el cielo sin fronteras,

borrarían la memoria de alambres de púa.

Pero los fantasmas vuelven

en silenciosas noches sin fin.

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Stygma 

I believed that blood would no longer spurt

from the old wounds.

I thought that Spring

would make forgotten the Winters,

that the trains,

wouldn’t bring the memory of other trains. . .

I hoped that the hills,

the sea without boundaries,

would erase the memories of barbed wire.

But the ghosts return

in endless silent/quiet nights

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Contarás. . . !

Cuando ya no estemos

¿quién les contará a los niños de los niños

sobre los viejos tiempos?

Del río, a cuya orilla íbamos a jugar,

del prado que en la primavera

estallaba de amarillo-diente de león,

de las campanillas de los Alpes y de las violetas

al borde del bosque

y de la alondra que nos dedicaba su mejor canción,

mientras marchábamos por valles y montañas.

El cielo despejado aún era azul, hasta un día

ese universo hermoso saltó en mil pedazos. . .

y despertamos al sufrimiento y al horror;

sin comprender recordábamos la felicidad perdida.

Cuando ya no estemos

¿Contará de nosotros los niños de los niños?

¿O sólo se hallará lo nuestro en crónicas del tiempo?

Datos escuetos, desprovistos de emoción,

registrados fríamente:

que en el siglo veinte, en la flor de la civilización,

fueron borrados del mapa seis millones de judíos, salvajemente. . .

 

Cuando empalidezca nuestro recuerdo al paso del tiempo

quizá te alcancen estas líneas.

Tu corazón se pondría pesado

y recordarás un antiguo

relato que algún antepasado te contó. . .

Así perdura el recuerdo de nosotros.

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And you will tell…!

When we are no longer,

who will tell the children of the children

about the old times?

Of the river, by whose banks we went to play,

of the meadow in Spring

exploding with dandy-lions,

of the little bells from the Alps or the violets

at the edge of the forest

and of the lark that dedicated its best song to us,

while we marched through valleys and mountains].

The clear sky was still blue, until one day

that beautiful universe broke up in a thousand pieces. . .

and we awakened to suffering and to horror,

without understanding, we remember the lost happiness.

When we are no longer,

who will tell of us to the children of the children?

Or will ours be found only in the chronicles of the time?

Concise data, Devoid of emotion,

registered coldly:

In the twentieth century, in the heart of civilization,

were erased from the map, six million Jews, savagely. . .

 

When our memory fades during the passage of time

Perhaps these lines will reach you.

Your heart will become heavy

and you will remember an old

tale that some ancestor told you. . .

And so ill endures the memory of us.

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Nosotros, los “Sobrevivientes”

¡De repente nos encontramos en el proscenio!

Iluminados, examinados, interrogados, por

sentimientos,

por el modo de transmitirlo a nuestros hijos,

por los comentarios de ellos. . .

Diferenciados de la gente “normal”

Nos sentimos clasificados en una categoría especial.

 

Nosotros, “los sobrevivientes”

Hemos despertado el interés de psicólogos,

Historiadores, escritores y cineastas.

En un suerte de “pánico de hora de cierre”

-claro, “cada vez somos menos” –        1

nos vimos urgentemente “descubiertos”,

y debemos – asî nos dicen –

cumplir con el compromiso

de perpetuar lo vivido y revelar

nuestra alma a la posteridad.

 

Asi desenterramos los recuerdos

Del último cajón. . .

Reabrimos las viejas heridas

(¿acaso alguna vez cicatrizarán?)

Porque nada debe perderse,

ni siquiera las lágrimas.

Valientemente nos ubicamos en la luz del proscenio.

 

Nosotros, los “sobrevivientes”.

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We. The “Survivors”

Suddenly, we find ourselves on the proscenium!

Illuminated, examined, interrogated, for

feelings,

for the manner to transmit them to our children,

For their commentaries. . .

Differentiated from “normal people.”

We feel classified in another special category.

 

We have awakened the interest of the psychologists,

Historians, writers and filmmakers.

In a rash of “panic of the closing hour:

Of course, “everyday are fewer”

We see ourselves “discovered.”

And we ought to “so they say to us”

Fulfil the obligation

to perpetuate that which was lived and to reveal

our souls to posterity.

 

So, we exhume our memories

From the last box. . .

We reopen the old world

(perhaps at some time they scarred over ?)

Because nothing should be lost,

not even the tears.

Valiantly, we place ourselves in the proscenium.

 

We, the “Survivors”

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Óleos /Oils

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Ana Wien — Artísta visual judío-costarricense /Costa Rican-Jewish Artist — “Renacer”/”To be Born Once More”

jai 155x122cm

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Ana Wien

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Website

          Ana Wien nació  en Costa Rica. Estudió pintura y grabado en la Universidad de Costa Rica, Facultad de Bellas Artes. Comenzó su carrera artística en el año 1970 definiendo su estilo a través de los años, en los talleres de los afamados maestros de la plástica costarricense Manuel de la Cruz González Luján, Francisco Amighetti y Rafa Fernández. Ha realizado más de 70 exposiciones individuales y colectivas en Costa Rica, Estados Unidos y Europa; entre ellos, París, Barcelona y Copenhagen. Como integrante de la asociación de artistas franceses, “Artists and Life”, ha participado en tres muestras grupales con fines benéficos en Toit de l’Arche de la Défense y Espace Art et Liberté en Paris. Ha sido elegida para participar, en sus dos últimas versiones consecutivas, en la Bienal “Latin Views” que se lleva a cabo en la Galería Alexey von Schlippe de la Universidad de Connecticut, Estados Unidos. Sus obras se encuentran en diversas colecciones privadas en América y Europa.

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          Ana Wien was born in Costa Rica. She studied painting and engraving at the University of Costa Rica, Faculty of Fine Arts. She began her artistic career in 1970 defining her style over the years, in the workshops of the famous masters of Costa Rican plastic arts Manuel de la Cruz González Luján, Francisco Amighetti and Rafa Fernández. She has made more than 70 solo and group exhibitions in Costa Rica, the United States and Europe; among them, in Paris, Barcelona and Copenhagen. As a member of the association of French artists, “Artists and Life”, she has participated in three group shows for charity in Toit de l’Arche de la Défense and Espace Art et Liberté in Paris. She has been chosen to participate, in its last two consecutive events, in the Biennial “Latin Views” that takes place in the Alexey von Schlippe Gallery of the University of Connecticut,  Her works are in various private collections in America and Europe.

Ana Wien es creadora de figuras llenas de vibrantes colores y texturas innovadoras en las cuales lo fantástico y lo realista son combinados en su propio mundo imaginativo. Sus elementos dinámicos y sus formas libres son mezclados en una danza mágica de luz, color, intenso movimiento y energía positiva.

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Ana Wien is the creator of figures full of vibrant colors and innovative textures in which the fantastic and the realistic are combined in their own imaginative world. Her dynamic elements and free forms are mixed in a magical dance of light, color, intense movement and positive energy.

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Pinturas

jai 155x122cm
“Jai”/”Life” – 155 cm  x 122 cm

arca de noe, resinas y pigmentos sobre canvas, 80x100cm
“Arca de Noé”/”Noah’s Ark” – Resinas and pigmentos sobre canvas/Resins and pigments on canvas,” 80 cm x 120 cm

subiendo hacia el cielo 150x120cm resinas y pigmentos sobre canvas
“Subiendo hacia el cielo”/”Rising to the Sky” resinas y pigmentos sobre canvas, 150 x 120 cm

el cielo se encuentra con la tierra 100x150cm resinas y pigmentos sobre canvas
“El cielo se encuentra con la tierra,”/”The Sky Meets the Earth” – resinas y pigmentos sobre canvas, 100cm x 150 cm

explosion cosmica 100x150cm resinas y pigmentos sobre canvas
“Explosión cósmica”/”Cosmic Explosion” – Resinas y pigmentos sobre metal,                   73 cm. x 97 cm.

archipielago,resinas y pigmentos sobre canvas, 90x120cm
“Archipiélago”/”Archipelago” – resinas y pigmentos sobre canvas, 90x120cm.

Fantasia 73x91cm resinas y pigmentos sobre metal-1.jpg
“Fantasía”/”Fantasy” – Resina y pigmentos sobre metal, 73 cm x 87 cm

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RENACER: Una Nueva Vida que Floreció en una Tierra de Esperanza/TO BE REBORN: A New Live that Flourished in a Land of Hope

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190 sobrevivientes de la Shoá encontraron un hogar nuevo en Costa Rica. En “Renacer”. Ana Wien les rinde homenaje: “En honor a todos ellos que en este país bendito encontramos refugio y la oportunidad de formar nuestras familias en un ambiente de paz y de libertad”.

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190 Holocaust survivors found a new home in Costa Rica. In “To Be Born Once More,” Ana Wien pays them homage: “In honor of all those who in this blessed country, we found refuge and the opportunity to form our families in an atmosphere of peace and liberty.”

Holocaust Survivors in Costa Rica

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Exhibición de “Renacer” en Sinagoga Shaarei Tzion, San José, Costa Rica/Exhibition of “To be Born Once More” at Shaharei Zion Synagogue, San José, Costa Rica

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“Renacer — Los padres de la artista”/”To be Born Once More – The Parents of the Artist”

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“Tesoros vivientes”/”Living Treasures”

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“Luz de libertad”/”Light of Libertad”

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CURRICULUM — ANA WIEN

EXHIBICIONES INDIVIDUALES

2017 Paradiso, Haussmark & Blow Art Gallery, Escazú, San José, Costa Rica.

2017 Sala VIP, Aeropuerto Internacional Juan Santamaría, Alajuela, Costa Rica.

2016 “Colorida” Galería Rocio Quiroa, Guatemala, Guatemala.

2016 “Paradiso”, Corte Suprema de Justicia, San José, Costa Rica.

2015 “Colores por Siempre”, Plaza Tempo, San José, Costa Rica.

2015 “Renacer”, Una Nueva Vida que Floreció en una Tierra de Esperanza; Galería Nacional, San José, Costa Rica.

2014 Premios Alborada 2014, Cámara de Comercio de Costa Rica, Hotel Corobicí, San José, Costa Rica.

2014 “Renacer”, Una Nueva Vida que Floreció en una Tierra de Esperanza, Centro Israelita, San José, Costa Rica

2013 Restaurante Nuevo Latino, Los Sueños Marriott Ocean & Golf Resort, Herradura, Puntarenas, Costa Rica.

2012 Restaurante Nuevo Latino, Los Sueños Marriott Ocean & Golf Resort, Herradura, Puntarenas, Costa Rica

2011 Los Sueños Marriott Ocean  & Golf Resort, Herradura, Puntarenas, Costa Rica.

2011 Restaurante Nuevo Latino, Los Sueños Marriott Ocean & Golf Resort, Herradura, Puntarenas, Costa Rica.                                                                                                          

2010 Los Sueños Marriott Ocean & Golf Resort, Herradura, Puntarenas, Costa Rica.

2010 Restaurante Nuevo Latino, Los Sueños Marriott Ocean & Golf Resort, Herradura, Puntarenas, Costa Rica.                                                                                                          

2009 VIP Lounge, Aeropuerto Internacional Juan Santamaría, Alajuela, Costa Rica.

2009 Restaurante Nuevo Latino, Los Sueños Marriott Ocean & Golf Resort, Herradura, Puntarenas, Costa Rica.

2008 Restaurante Nuevo Latino, Los Sueños Marriott Ocean & Golf Resort, Herradura, Puntarenas, Costa Rica.

2008 Galería DeJair, San José, Costa Rica.

2007 Restaurante Nuevo Latino, Los Sueños Marriott Ocean & Golf Resort, Herradura, Puntarenas, Costa Rica.

2007 Los Sueños Marriott Ocean & Golf Resort, Herradura, Puntarenas, Costa Rica.

2007 Restaurante Sebastián, Escazú, Costa Rica..

2006 Bacchus, Santa Ana, Costa Rica.

2006 Los Sueños Marriott Ocean & Golf Resort, Herradura, Puntarenas, Costa Rica.

2006 Festival de Arte Urbano, Plaza de las Artes, San José, Costa Rica.

2006 Expoarte 2006, San José, Costa Rica.

2006 Festival Internacional de las Artes, FIA 2006, San José, Costa Rica.

2006 VIP Lounge, Aeropuerto Internacional Juan Santamaría, Alajuela, Costa Rica.

2005 Costa Rica Country Club, San José, Costa Rica.

2005 Hotel Docelunas, Jacó, Costa Rica.

2003 Galería Artmax, San José, Costa Rica.

2001 Galería Artmax, San José, Costa Rica.

1986 Alianza Francesa, San José, Costa Rica

1982 Alianza Francesa, San José, Costa Rica.

1980 Museo Nacional, San José, Costa Rica.

1979 Museo Nacional, San José, Costa Rica.

EXPOSICIONES COLECTIVAS

2018 World Art en Academia “4Art Lille”, Grand Palace Lille, Francia.

2018 “Exposición Derechos Humanos”, ACAV, Galería Talentum, San José, Costa Rica.

2018  “Amazonas Luchando por la Vida”, Subasta Naranja a Beneficio de Proyecto Daniel, Galería Nacional, San José, Costa Rica.

2018  “Sumatorio”, IV Salón Anual de ACAV, Museo Histórico Juan Santamaría, Alajuela, Costa Rica.

2017 “Tocando Corazones”, Fundación Funicor, exposición itinerante, San José, Costa Rica.

2017 Tercer Salón Anual ACAV, Museo Municipal de Cartago, Cartago, Costa Rica.

2016 “Vaivén Arte Convergente”, Galería del Colegio Dominicano de Artistas Plásticos, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana.

2016 “Arte en Mayo”, Fundación Rozas Boltrán, Guatemala, Guatemala.

2015 “Cada Cabeza es un Mundo”, Galería Nacional, Museo de los Niños, San José, Costa Rica.

2015 “Percepción y/o Realidad”, II Salón Anual de Artes Visuales, ACAV, Galería Nacional, San José, Costa Rica.

2015 “Wonder Woman Art Bra, Tradition & Innovation”, Riga 2015, 5th Riga International Testile and Fibre Art Triennial, Riga, Letonia.

2015 “Derechos Humanos”, ACAV, Corte Suprema de Justicia, San José, Costa Rica.

2015 “Día Mundial del Arte”, Plaza Tempo, San José, Costa Rica.

2014 “Latin Network for the Visual Arts”, Latin Views 2014, Biennial Exhibit, Alexey von Schlippe Gallery of Art, University of Connecticut at Avery Point, CT, Estados Unidos.

2014 “Derechos Humanos”, ACAV/Instituto Interamericano de Derechos Humanos, Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones, San José, Costa Rica.

2014 “Costa Rica-Puente Verde”, Galería Nacional, Sala VII, San José, Costa Rica.

2014 “LibroArte”, Feria del Libro 2014, San José, Costa Rica.

2014 Salón Anual, ACAV, Casa del Cuño, San José, Costa Rica.

2014 “La palabra integrada al libro Arte”, ACAV, Sala Paraninfo-UNED, San José, Costa Rica.

2014 Conservatorio Libro-Arte, Biblioteca Mark Twain, Centro Cultural Costarricense Norteamericano, San José, Costa Rica.

2014 “Rizomas”, Exposición en pequeño formato, ACAV, Casa del Artista, San José, Costa Rica.

2013 “Costa Rica, Pont Vert”, ACAV, Pavillon Charles X, Saint-Cyr-sur-Loire, Francia.

2013 Memoria Pertinente, Embajada de Costa Rica, Managua, Nicaragua.

2013 Vida en el Arrecife, Banco de Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Costa Rica.

2013 Nostalgias y Vivencias, Galería Talentum, San José, Costa Rica.

2013 Nostalgias y Vivencias, Casa Cultural Barrio Amon, San José, Costa Rica.

2013 Rizonas, Casa del Artista, San José, Costa Rica.

2013 Encuentro Acav Fia, Casa del Cuño, San José, Costa Rica

2013 Derechos Humanos, ACAV, Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones, San José, Costa Rica.

2013 Colección Grano de Oro de Sintercafé, Centro Cultural e Histórico José Figueres Ferrer, San Ramón, Costa Rica.

2012 Latin Network for the Visual Arts, Latin Views 2012 Biennial Exhibit, Alexey von Schlippe Gallery of Art, University of Connecticut, Avery Point, CT, Estados Unidos.

2012 Un Sostén para la Vida, AG Textil Lucha Contra el Cáncer de Mama, San José, Costa Rica.

2012 Sintercafé XXVI, Grano de Oro, Hotel Real Intercontinental, San José, Costa Rica.

2012 Colectivo Abierto de Pintura, Casa del Cuño, Antigua Aduana, San José, Costa Rica.

2012 El Jardín de los Refranes, Esculturas Rodantes, Museo de San Ramón, Alajuela, Costa Rica.

2012 El Arte de la Paz, Galería Nacional, San José, Costa Rica.

2012 El Jardín de los Refranes, Esculturas Rodantes, Museo Juan Santamaría, Alajuela, Costa Rica.

2012 Redes, Primer Encuentro Internacional ACAV FIA, San José 2012, Casa del Cuño,Antigua Aduana, San José, Costa Rica.

2012 El Jardín de los Refranes, Esculturas Rodantes, Festival Internacional de Arte, San José, Costa Rica.

2011 Barrio Amón, Nostalgias y Vivencias, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.

2011 BCR-ARTEGalería Siegried Schosinsky, Banco de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.

2011 Lajas por Lajas, Asociación Costarricense de Artistas Visuales, Costa Rica Country Club, San José, Costa Rica.

2010 Arte en Piel en Mov imiento, Colección Diario Vivir, Diseño 10, Antigua Aduana, San José, Costa Rica.

2010 Latin Network for the Visual Arts, Latin Views 2010 Biennial Exhibit, Alexey von Schlippe Gallery of Art, University of Connecticut, Avery Point, CT, Estados Unidos.

2010 Cruces de Vías, Artista invitada, Casa de la Cultura, Puntarenas, Costa Rica.

2010 Concasida VI, San José, Costa Rica.

2009 Tributo a Osa, Galería Nacional, San José, Costa Rica

2009 Rupestre 2009, Instituto de México, San José, Costa Rica.

2009 Rupestre 2009, Hotel Corteza Amarilla, San José, Costa Rica.

2009 Viva el Arte, Plaza del Sol, San José, Costa Rica.

2009 Crisis, Arte, Inversión”, Galería Carlow & Co, San José, Costa Rica

2008 Artists and Life, Espace Art et Liberté, Paris, Francia.

2008 Cow Parade, San José, Costa Rica.

2008 Sintercafé XXII, Grano de Oro, Hotel Real Intercontinental, San José, Costa Rica.

2008 200 años de Café de Costa Rica, Museo Nacional, San José, Costa Rica.

2008 El Jardín de las Delicias, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica.

2008 Miradas Sutiles, Arte en Tercera Dimensión, Centro Cultural Costarricense Norteamericano, San José, Costa Rica.

2008 Festival Artístico, Casa de la Cultura, San Antonio de Belén, Costa Rica.

2008 “Arcoiris”, Galería Carlow & Co, San José, Costa Rica.

2008 El Jardín de las Delicias, Centro Cultural Casa Azul, Heredia, Costa Rica.

2008 Festival de Arte “Identidad”, Galería Carlow & Co, Reserva Conchal, Guanacaste, Costa Rica.
2008 XIII Festival de Arte, San José, Costa Rica.

2008 El Jardín de la Delicias, Festival Internacional de las Artes, San José, Costa Rica.

2008 Expresión Humana del Desnudo, Casa de la Cultura, Heredia, Costa Rica.

2008 Arte por Amor, Galería Carlow & Co, San José, Costa Rica.

2007 “Navidad”, Arte y Trío de Flautas Mágicas de la Sinfónica, Galería Carlow & Co, San José, Costa Rica

2007 Sintercafé XXI, Grano de Oro, Hotel Real Intercontinental, San José, Costa Rica.

2007 El Jardín de las Delicias, Galería Gráfica Génesis, San José, Costa Rica.

2007 Siéntase Bien…Ayude a un Niño, Galería Klaus Steinmetz, Escazú, Costa Rica.

2007 Pintura en Vivo en la Montaña 2007, Fraijanes, Alajuela, Costa Rica.

2007 II Encuentro de Pintores, Plaza del Sol, San José, Costa Rica.

2007 Galería Internacional El Refugio de los Artistas, Alajuela, Costa Rica.

2007 XII Festival de Arte, San José, Costa Rica

2006 III Trienal Internacional del Tile Cerámico, Museo de Arte Moderno, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana.

2006 Artists & Life, Toit de l’Arche de la Défense, Paris, Francia.

2006 Artists & Life, Galerie Figure, Paris, Francia.

2006 California International Art Show, Latino Art Museum, Pomona, California, E.E.U.U.

2006 International Summer Exhibition, Museum of the Americas, Doral, Florida, E.E.U.U.

2006 XI Festival de Arte, San José, Costa Rica

2006 Sintercafé XX, Grano de Oro, Hotel Real Intercontinental, San José, Costa Rica.

2005 Décimo Festival de Arte, San José, Costa Rica.

2005 Latinoamérica Contemporánea 2005, Hotel Marriott, San José, Costa Rica.

2005 Sintercafé XIX, Grano de Oro, Hotel Herradura, San José, Costa Rica.

2005 Barcelona ‘05, Crisolart Galleries, Barcelona, España.

2005 Semillas de Esperanza, Hotel Barceló San José Palacio, San José, Costa Rica.

2005 International Artists in Copenhagen, Crisolart Galleries, Copenhagen, Dinamarca.

2005 Women in the Arts 2005, Museum of the Americas, Miami, E.E.U.U.

2005 New York International Art Festival, NewYork, E.E.U.U.

2005 III Edición Parque de la Expresión, Museo de Arte Costarricense, San José, Costa Rica.

2005 Galería Internacional El Refugio de los Artistas, Alajuela, Costa Rica.2005 Club Punta Leona, Puntarenas, Costa Rica.

2005 Club Punta Leona, Puntarenas, Costa Rica

2004 Hotel Costa Rica Marriott pro Beneficencia Hospital San Juan de Dios.

2003 Sintercafé XVII, Grano de Oro, Hotel Herradura, San José, Costa Rica.

2003 Sétimo Festival de Arte, San José, Costa Rica.

2002 Sexto Festival de Arte, San José, Costa Rica.

2002 Sintercafé XVI, Grano de Oro, Hotel Herradura, San José, Costa Rica.

2002 Quinto Festival de Arte, San José, Costa Rica.

2001 Sintercafé XV, Grano de Oro, Hotel Herradura, San José, Costa Rica.

2001 Cuarto Festival de Arte, San José, Costa Rica.

2000 Exposición de Pintura y Escultura, Asociación ACAP, Hotel San José Palacio.

2000 Tercer Festival de Arte, San José, Costa Rica.

2000 Sintercafé XIV, Grano de Oro, Hotel Herradura, San José, Costa Rica.

1999 Segundo Festival de Arte, San José, Costa Rica.

1999 Sintercafé XIII, Grano de Oro, Hotel Herradura, San José, Costa Rica.

1999 Primer Festival de Arte, San José, Costa Rica.

1998 Casa Cultura Popular José Figueres Ferrer, Banco Popular, San José,Costa Rica.

1998 Festival de Arte, Galería Ulises, San José, Costa Rica.

1998 Sintercafé XII, Grano de Oro, Hotel Herradura, San José Costa Rica.

1998 Certamen Israel 50, Galería Nacional, Museo de Ciencia y Cultura, San José, Costa Rica.

1998 Exposición de Pintura y Escultura, Asociación ACAP, Hotel San José Palacio, San José, Costa Rica.

1997 Sintercafé XI, Grano de Oro, Hotel Herradura, San José Costa Rica.

1996 Sintercafé X, Grano de Oro, Hotel Herradura, San José, Costa Rica.

1995 III Bienal Centro Israelita Sionista Costarricense, San José, Costa Rica.

1993 II Bienal Centro Israelita Sionista Costarricense, San José, Costa Rica.

1993 Subasta de Arte, Pro Beneficencia Unidad de Quemados, Hospital Nacional de Niños, San José, Costa Rica.

1991 I Bienal Centro Israelita Sionista Costarricense, San José, Costa Rica.

1984 La Petite Galerie, Burdines, Miami, Florida, E.E.U.U.

1983 Centro Cultural Costarricense Norteamericano, San José, Costa Rica.

1982 Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad, San José, Costa Rica.

1982 Octubre Cultural, Galería Omni, San José, Costa Rica.

1981 Sala Expo 5, San José, Costa Rica.

1981 Colegio de Periodistas, San José, Costa Rica.

1980 The Meeting Point Gallery, Miami, Florida, E.E.U.U.

1980 Galería Contemporánea, San José, Costa Rica.

1980 Galería Forma y Color, San José, Costa Rica.

1973 IV Salón Anual, Museo Nacional, San José, Costa Rica.

1970 Subasta de Arte Pro Beneficencia Unidad de Quemados, Hospital Nacional de Niños, San José, Costa Rica.

PREMIOS

2013 Primera Mención Honorífica, Certamen de Arte Grano de Oro, Sintercafé XXV, San José, Costa Rica.

2005 Mención de Honor, Women in the Arts 2005, Museum of the Americas, Miami, Florida, E.E.U.U.

2005 Second Runner-up, New York International Art Festival, New York, E.E.U.U

1999 Mención de Honor, Certamen de Arte Grano de Oro, Sintercafé XIII, San José, Costa Rica.

1997 Primer Lugar, Certamen de Arte Grano de Oro,                                            Sintercafé XI, San José, Costa Rica.